摘要
改革开放之前,我国通过单位福利保障实现"单位全覆盖";改革开放之后,我国社会保障经历了从"建制扩面"向"广覆盖"与"双覆盖"的转变;"十八大"将"全覆盖"作为我国社会保障的首要方针,提出到2020年全面建成小康社会时实现社会保障全覆盖。社会保障全覆盖既指制度全面覆盖,也指人数全民覆盖(即应保人口的全覆盖)。社会保障全覆盖反映了普遍主义福利思想,折射出政府反对社会排斥、促进社会融合的施政理念。要坚持"保基本、多层次、可持续"的方针,以制度全覆盖带动人口全覆盖,以实现基本养老保险和最低生活保障制度全覆盖为突破口,以社会保险、社会救助和社会福利全覆盖为重点,逐步完善全覆盖的补充性社会保障制度,循序渐进地推进社会保障全覆盖进程。目前,应全面启动社会保障全覆盖计划,做好社会保障全覆盖政策的顶层设计,尽快实现全国社会保障信息联网,理顺全覆盖网络,并避免全覆盖陷阱。
Before the reform and opening-up, China＇ s ＂social security covered everyone in a unit＂ by welfare sharing in a unit, after the reform and opening-up, China＇ s social security experienced the change from ＂setting up the institutions to expand the population sharing coverage＂, to ＂extensive coverage＂ and ＂double coverage＂, the 18th National Congress of the CPC defined the ＂full coverage＂ as the guiding principle of China＇s social security, proposed to achieve the goal of full coverage of Chinese social security at the time of accomplishing all-round well- off society construction in 2020. The full coverage of social security means that Chinese system covers all Chinese people and that all Chinese people are fully covered by social security （i. e, all Chinese people who need social security will be covered）. The full coverage of social security reflects welfare ideas of universalism and embodies the administrative principle for countering social exclusion and promoting social integration. China should stick to the guideline of ＂basic, multiple and sustainable social security＂, use institutional construction to drive overall population coverage, take full coverage of the basic old pension and minimum living guarantee system as the breakthrough, take the full coverage of social security, social relief and social welfare as the importance, gradually perfect complementary social security system for the full coverage, and step by step promote the process of the full coverage of social security. Currently, China should overall initiate the full coverage plan of social security, be ready to finish Top-leader Design for full coverage policy of social security, accomplish national social security information network as soon as possible, rationalize full coverage network and avoid fully coverage trap.
出处
《西部论坛》
2013年第6期1-11,共11页
West Forum
基金
十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAI40B01)"人口与发展数学模型与综合决策支持系统
关键词
社会保障全覆盖
普遍主义
社会融合
制度全覆盖
人口全覆盖
高福利陷阱
低福利陷阱
社
会保障信息联网
单位全覆盖
社会保障广覆盖
社会保障双覆盖
full coverage of social security
universalism
social integration
full coverage system
full coverage ofpopulation
high welfare trap
low welfare trap
national social security information network
full coverage of aunit
extensive coverage of social security
double coverage of social security
