摘要
目的研究2010-2012年医院感染的部位及病原菌分布与耐药性,以降低医院感染率。方法回顾性分析2010年1月-2012年1月160例医院感染患者的临床资料,分析医院感染的部位,并采集患者的脓液、切口分泌物、尿液、痰液等进行病原菌培养、革兰染色等鉴定菌种,采用试剂盒进行药敏试验,对病原菌进行病原学分析。结果 160例患者以下呼吸道感染最多,占31.88%,上呼吸道感染占24.38%,消化道感染占17.50%;共分离出193株病原菌,检出最多为埃希菌属占29.02%,其次为链球菌属占19.17%,肠杆菌属占15.02%;革兰阴性菌耐药性较低的有阿米卡星、头孢曲松、亚胺培南,革兰阳性菌耐药性较低的为万古霉素。结论医院感染部位多集中在呼吸道、消化道部位,病原菌以埃希菌属为主,并且常见抗菌药物的耐药现象较为严重,临床上应及时调整用药方针并采取相应预防措施。
OBJECTIVE To study the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing nosocomial infections during 2010--2012 so as to reduce the incidence of the nosoeomial infections. METHODS The clinical data of 160 cases of patients with nosocomial infections who were treated in the hospital from Jan 2010 to Jan 2012 were retrospectively analyzed, the nosocomial infection sites were observed, the pus, incision secretions, urine, and sputum were sampled and cultured for pathogens, the pathogens were identified with the use of gram stain, the drug susceptibility testing was performed by using reagent kits, and the etiological analysis of the pathogens was carried out. RESULTS Of totally 160 patients investigated, 31.88% had the lower respiratory tract infections, 24.38% upper respiratory tract infections, 17. 50% gastrointestlnal tract i.nfections. Totally 193 strains of pathogens have been isolated, among which Escherichia accounted for 29. 02%, Streptococcus 19. 17%, Enterobacter 15. 02%. The drug resistance rates of the gram-negative bacteria to amikaein, ceftriaxone, and imipenem were low; the drug resistance rate of the gram-positive bacteria to vancomycin was low. CONCLUSION The respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract are the predominant infection sites; Escherichia strains are dominant among the pathogens, which are highly resistant to the commonly used antibiotics; it is necessary for the hospital to adjust the medication programs in a timely manner and take corresponding prevention measures.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第22期5599-5601,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
广西壮族自治区卫生厅计划课题资助项目(Z2009057)
关键词
医院感染
感染部位
病原学
Nosoeomial infection
Infection site
Etiology
