摘要
地图是空间信息的载体和传递渠道,也是空间认知和图像思维的工具。纸质地图只能展现地物和地理现象的静态信息,以计算机为代表的电子媒体技术的出现,从根本上改变了用户通过地图对空间信息进行交流、探索和理解的途径,也对地图制图学提出了新的挑战。系统回顾了地图定义的发展、现有的各种地图分类方法、基于地图制作和显示的过程,对实地图、虚地图、地图函数和地图对象的概念进行了分析。地图载体的改变带来地图对象的变化,最终改变了地图本身的功能与显示方式等。
As an information carrier and channel of information transmission, map has long been an important means for human spatial cognition and graphic thinking. Traditional paper maps can only illustrate the static infor- mation of topographic features and geographic phenomena. On the other hand, the advent of electronic media has enabled users not only to communicate information but also to explore and understand spatial phenomena via maps, leading to new challenges in cartography at different levels. This paper concentrated on discussions at conceptual levels. First, the definitions of a map were systematically examined, new types of maps were discussed such as vir- tual maps and electronic maps, then concepts of map functions and map objects were proposed. It is found that in digital era, the new media has lead to changes in various properties and methods of map objects, which finally changes map functions and display.
出处
《测绘科学技术学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第4期375-379,共5页
Journal of Geomatics Science and Technology
基金
国家863计划项目(2013AA12A202)
西南交通大学学科发展工程--新兴交叉学科培育计划建议项目
关键词
地图
实图
虚图
地图函数
地图对象
map
real map
virtual map
map function
map object
