摘要
从广义上讲,被子植物的受精过程是指花粉粒落到柱头上萌发形成花粉管,花粉管穿过柱头沿着引导组织生长进入子房内,最终在胚囊中实现精细胞与卵细胞以及中央细胞分别融合从而起始胚胎和胚乳的发育.被子植物的精细胞由于不具有鞭毛而无法自由移动,因此在受精过程中需要借助于花粉管来将精细胞运送到胚囊中.花粉管通过与雌性的孢子体组织之间的相互作用和识别将精细胞准确地运送到胚珠附近,而最终将精细胞准确地运送到胚囊内的过程则是受到了雌配子体细胞的控制.可以说,受精的成功实现有赖于雌性和雄性细胞之间的持续的识别和相互作用,这种互作具有多样性和阶段特异性.本文将主要综述被子植物受精过程中花粉粒以及花粉管与多种雌性孢子体组织以及雌配子体之间的信号互作研究.
In angiosperm, fertilization starts from pollen adhesion, hydration, and germination. Pollen tubes penetrate the stigma, grow into the transmitting tract, and then onto the funiculi by breaking through septums. Finally, one pollen tube is guided to enter micropyle and release two sperm cells that fuse with the egg cell and the central cell respectively to complete fertilization. Notably, the sperm cells of angiosperm, lack of flagellum, are transported into the embryo sac with the help of pollen tubes. It is well received that fertilization is tightly controlled by the male-female interaction at different stages. For example, the pollen tube recognizes and responds to the signals from the ovule so that it can grow into the tiny micropylar opening, and know the proper time to release sperm cells. Meanwhile, sperm cells fuse with the egg and the central cell respectively after signals from both sides are perceived. Therefore, the fertilization depends on the successful recognition and interaction between male and female gametophytes at different developmental stages. This review summarizes recent progress on these interactions during fertilization.
出处
《中国科学：生命科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第10期842-853,共12页
Scientia Sinica(Vitae)
基金
国家重大科学研究计划(批准号:2012CB944801)资助项目
关键词
被子植物
有性生殖
双受精
花粉管
雌雄互作
angiosperm, sexual reproduction, double fertilization, pollen tube, male-female interaction
