摘要
通过大田试验，研究了一次性施肥方式对长江中游春玉米产量及养分吸收、转运和利用的影响。研究结果表明，一次性施肥方式与农民常规施肥方式相比，产量差异不显著，经济效益提高1429~1725 Yuan/hm2。一次性施肥方式降低春玉米花前干物质积累量，但中后期干物质积累速率加快，全生育期内春玉米干物质积累量及花后干物质对产量贡献率，与农民习惯施肥方式差异不显著。与农民习惯施肥相比，一次性施肥显著降低了春玉米生育前期（拔节期）氮、磷、钾素积累量，生育中后期玉米养分积累速率加快，成熟期氮、磷、钾素积累量差异不显著；一次性施肥方式对春玉米氮素转运和利用效率的影响不显著；一次性施肥减少磷素和钾素的投入，但并不影响春玉米整个生育期磷素和钾素的积累和转运，同时显著提高了磷素和钾素的养分利用效率。
A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of single basal fertilization on yield, nutrient accumulation, translocation and use efficiency of spring maize in the Middle Reaches of Yangtze River. The results show that the yield difference of spring maize between the single basal fertilization treatment and the conventional fertilization treatment is not significant, while the economic benefit of the single basal fertilization treatment is increased to 1429-1725 Yuan/ha Compared with the conventional fertilization treatment, the amount of dry matter accumulation before the anthesis is significantly decreased under the single fertilization treatment, while the rate of dry matter accumulation is increased after the anthesis, and the total dry matter accumulation and contribution of the dry matters after the anthesis are not significantly different between the two treatments. Compared with the conventional fertilization treatment, the N, P and K accumulations are significantly decreased before the jointing stage under the single fertilization treatment, however, the differences of N, P and K accumulations by spring maize are not significant at the maturation stage because the rate of nutrient accumulations is increased at the middle and later stages. The N translocation amount, translocation efficiency and use efficiency are not significantly different between the two treatments. The single fertilization treatment has no effect on P and K accumulations and translocations by spring maize in the growth stage, but the P and K use efficiencies are increased because the input is decreased.
出处
《植物营养与肥料学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第5期1073-1082,共10页
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers
基金
湖北省楚天学者科研启动项目(52204-09135)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2010PY018)资助
关键词
春玉米
一次性施肥
产量
养分利用效率
spring maize
single fertilization
yield
nutrient use efficiency
