摘要
基于生态热力学的城市系统结构的研究是实现城市生态规划和环境管理等实际工作优化与决策的关键理论问题之一。基于生态热力学流核算方法,建立大连市生态网络模型,通过路径分析探讨了代谢长度与代谢路径数量、连通性的变化关系,确定了城市代谢系统的基本营养结构,以及各组分间的作用途径;利用网络有效利用矩阵中正负号分布、数量比值,确定了城市代谢系统各组分间的作用方式、共生状况,最后揭示出固有网络结构中复杂的生态关系。结果表明:大连是具有一个高度竞争性的部门共生体,而且随着代谢长度的增加,城市代谢系统中各组分间的作用途径更为多样,代谢路径数量、连通性不断提高。该研究可为政策制定者确定如何在现有的经济基础上,避免支付高额生态成本和重复发达国家城市建设中的末端控制模式,推动社会系统的生态化转型实践,促进城市的健康发展。
Research on urban metabolism is a complex decision-making process having a direct impact on human health and the environment both locally and globally. The paradigm of urban metabolism has been formulated in an attempt to focus thinking towards a balanced co-evolution of the economic, physical and social environments while living within the carrying limits of the supporting ecosystems. Analyzing the structure and functioning of the urban metabolic system revealed ways to optimize its structure by adjusting the relationships among compartments, thereby demonstrating how ecological network analysis can be used in urban system research. A fresh perspective focuses on the traditional exergy-based accounting linking the analysis of exergy utilization in the sector of urban socio-eeonomic system. Exergy provides a unified measure of various forms of materials and energy carriers, and thus qualified as a basic medium used in the bookkeeping to qualify ecological networks of exchange. The application of Extended Exergy Accounting （EEA） determines cumulative exergy consumption associated with not only raw material inputs but also labor and capital inputs and non-energetic externalities. Money can also provide a common currency by using economic valuation methods to capture the contribution of ecosystems. The proposed thermodynamic approach is not meant to replace, but to complement an economic approach. Our objectives in this study were threefold. First, based upon the division of urban society sectors and accounting of EEA flux, we wanted to construct an urban metabolism network models without regard to the bank system and government This model is divided into seven sub-systems, including： （ 1 ） Extraction （ Ex）, including mining and quarrying, oilrefining and processing, and the inflow of energy carriers from the external environment; （2） Conversion （Co）, comprising heat and power plants ; （ 3 ） Agriculture （ Ag）, including harvest, forestry, fishery, and food processing; （ 4）. Industr
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第18期5926-5934,共9页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家科技支撑项目(2012BAC05B02)
国家基金委创新研究群体科学基金(51121003)
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41101564)
高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20110003120031)
中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目(20110490014)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金
关键词
大连
生态网络
城市代谢
结构
效用分析
dalian
ecological network
urban metabolism
sturcture
utility analysis
