摘要
Background： The parent-to-child influences can be adaptive and contribute to the optimal psychological well-being and positive perception of the athlete. Contrary to the healthy parental involvement, a family can also have negative effects on an athlete development. The purpose of this study was to determine gender, father involvement, and mother involvement differences in the psychological profiles of collegiate freshmen athletes as measured by perfectionism, physical self-concept, and psychological well-being. Methods： Eighty-two male and 73 female collegiate freshmen responded to self-reported measures of family involvement, perfectionism, physical self-concept, and psychological well-being. Three separate 2 x 2 x 2 （gender x mother involvement x father involvement） factorial multivariate analysis of variance （MANOVAs） were carried out on the respective subscales from the reported measures. Results： There were significant differences for gender as well as father involvement in perfectionism （p 〈 0.01）. Freshmen females had lower concern over mistakes, and greater levels of organization as well as planfulness than males. Furthermore, freshmen athletes with high involved fathers showed greater levels of high standards for others as well as organization. Conclusion： Father involvement and mother involvement impact perfectionism, physical self-concept, and psychological well-being. perspective. extends through the freshmen year in college as shown in the athletes＇ Future research should develop better measures and utilize a family systems Copyright @ 2012, Shanghai University of Sport. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
背景:父母对子女的影响是多面性的,积极健康的父母参与有助于大学新生运动员获得最佳心理健康状态并保持积极的态度;反之,则可能对运动员的发展产生负面影响。本研究目的在于通过完美主义、身体自我概念和心理健康的评价,判定性别、父亲与母亲参与的区别对大学新生运动员心理学特征的影响。方法:82名男大学新生和73名女大学新生参与了有关家庭参与、完美主义、身体自我概念和心理健康的自我报告式检测。用2×2×2(性别×母亲参与×父亲参与)3种独立因素多元方差分析(MANOVAs)得出报告中的分量表。结果:性别及父亲参与在完美主义方面差异显著(P<0.01)。与男生相比,女生对错误关注度较低,但组织性及计划性程度较高。此外,父亲参与较多的大学新生对高标准的遵循度和组织性均较高。结论父亲参与的影响贯穿大学新生整个学年,表现在新生运动员的完美主义、身体自我意识和心理幸福感。今后的研究应着重于开发更好的测量方法,并运用家庭系统视角。
