摘要
目的对山丘地区血吸虫病不同阶段与不同时期防治投入与产出进行评价,为山丘地区消除血吸虫病防治措施优化可能提供参考。方法在4个行政村采用回顾性与现场调查法收集2001-2011年防治血吸虫病措施产生的投入与支出资料,采用问卷调查法调查患病人群个人支出,居民经济来源差异及职业分布变化。所有费用经贴现后,按分类村进行成本效果分析。结果不同阶段,各防治措施总费用呈现维持阶段高于综合治理阶段和防治初期。不同时期,人群感染率及阳性螺面积下降1%与0.1 hm2的成本,二类村高于一类村;耕牛感染率下降1%成本,二类村低于一类村。患病居民分析表明传播控制达标前后,按年龄组分,40～50岁年龄组患病人数占比均最大,30～40岁年龄组在0支出费用组差异有统计学意义(2=6.26,P=0.012);按文化程度分,初中组在2 000～4 000元费用组中差异有统计学意义(2=4.49,P=0.041),高中组在0～500元费用组中差异有统计学意义(2=5.45,P=0.032)。居民人均收支差显示种植业为当地主要经济来源。结论山丘地区防治措施成本效果变化不均衡性提示,目前要减少单一感染率下降为目标的投入,提高综合传染因素监测及环境改造措施投入。
Objective To evaluate inputs and outputs on control measures of different stages and periods, and to provide references for optimizing measures of prevention and control of schistosomiasis in hilly regions of mountains. Methods A method of retrospective investigation with fields＇ survey was used for inputs and outputs on control meas- ures from 2001-201 l in 4 representative administrative villages. Questionnaires investigation was used to collect person- al expense of the patients, different income source and change of occupational choice of local residents. Cost-effective- ness after discount analysis was carried out by villages classification in different control stages and periods. Results At different stages of 4 villages, on the total cost of declining for infection indicators, it showed that maintenance stage was better than the comprehensive and initial stage. At different periods, on the unit cost of 1% declining rate of population and positive snail habitant areas of average 0. 1 hm2, it was higher in class 2 villages than in class 1, whereas on the u- nit cost of 1% declining for infection rate of bovines, it was lower in class 2 villages than in classl. Questionnaires a- nalysis of patients showed that, by age levels, the group of 40-50-old age accounted for the most of whole patients, there was significant difference in the group of 30 -40-old age which had no expenditure （Z2 = 6. 26, P = 0. 012）. By education levels, there were significant difference in the group of 2 000 -4 000 Yuan （RMB） of junior school （Z2 = 4.49, P = 0. 041 ）and the group of 0-500 Yuan（RMB） for high school （Z2 = 5.45, P = 0. 032）. Differences for per- sonal income and expenditure balance showed that farming as a career was the main occupation in 4 villages. Conclu- sions The imbalance change of cost-effectiveness on control measures in different periods indicates at present stage, it should decrease inputs on the single indicator as the infection rate, whereas to increase the inputs on infectious factors c
出处
《中华疾病控制杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2013年第8期706-710,共5页
Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention
