摘要
青海湖是我国最大的内陆湖,也是我国最大的咸水湖,对其水生态系统服务功能的定量评价有助于提高人们对青海湖水生态系统保护重要性的认识,促进对青海湖的合理利用和保护。文章使用市场价值法、造林成本法、碳税法和替代市场法,对青海湖湖泊水生态系统服务功能的使用价值进行了评估研究。结果显示,青海湖水体生态系统服务功能的总使用价值为240 174.8×108CNY,其中直接使用价值为13.84×108CNY,间接使用价值为240 160.9×108CNY,在所有生态功能类型中,气候调节功能价值最大,占了主导,为2394.52×1010CNY,占总使用服务价值的99.70%,其次为涵养水源,为526.08×108CNY,占总服务价值的0.22%;持留土壤的服务价值最小,仅为4.07×104CNY。各生态功能价值量大小依次为气候调节>涵养水源>气体调节>文化科研>提供生物栖息地>休闲娱乐>物质生产>持留土壤。这说明青海湖水体生态系统在气候调节、涵养水源、气体调节等方面发挥着巨大作用,是青海湖水体生态系统的核心和主导服务功能。为此,必须要对其水生态系统服务功能进行重新认识和定位,以实现青海湖水体的持续利用。
The Qinghai Lake is the largest inland lake and salt water lake in China. Quantitative evaluation of its water ecosystem services function helps to raise awareness of importance of its water ecosystem protection, and promote rational utilization and protection of the Qinghai Lake. This paper evaluated and studied use values of water ecosystem services function in the Qinghai Lake using the market value method, afforestation cost method, carbon tax and substitute market method. The results showed that the total use value of water ecosystem service functions in the Qinghai Lake was 240 174.8×10^8 CNY, including direct use value of 13.84×10^8 CNY and indirect use value of 240 160.9×10^8 CNY. Among them, climate regulation function value is the largest, with the value of 2394.52×10^10 CNY, accounting for the 99.70% of total use value. Water conservation value is the second, with the value of 526.08 ×10^8 CNY, accounting for the 0.22% of total use value. There have the smallest value in keeping soil service function, with the value of 4.07×10^4 CNY. The all kinds of service function value size followed in the following order： climate regulation 〉 water conservation 〉 gas regulation 〉 culture and scientific research 〉 providing habitats 〉 entertainment 〉 material production 〉 keeping soil. Those indicated that the water ecosystem of the Qinghai Lake in the climate regulation, water conservation, and gas adjustment plays a huge role, and they were the core and dominant of the Qinghai Lake water ecosystem service functions. Therefore, we must want to rediscover and reposition its ecosystem services function so as to realize the sustainable utilization of the Qinghai Lake water body.
出处
《生态经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第9期163-167,180,共6页
Ecological Economy
基金
国家社会科学基金(10CJY015)
国家自然科学基金(31260130
41261020)
教育部重点项目(2012178)
中科院"西部之光"项目
青海师范大学创新基金项目
