摘要
人类对次生林生态系统的长期扰动必然会对地下生态过程产生深刻影响,而土壤动物群落结构和功能多样性对地下生态过程的演变有重要的指示意义.本文以秦岭西部小陇山林区不同发育阶段日本落叶松林为研究对象,采用手捡法和样方法调查了不同发育阶段日本落叶松林大型土壤动物群落组成、结构及多样性,运用方差分析及PCA排序等方法系统探讨了日本落叶松林大型土壤动物群落演变特征.研究结果显示,10年日本落叶松林土壤动物密度和类群丰富度均显著高于20年和32年日本落叶松林,而32年日本落叶松林土壤动物群落密度又显著高于20年日本落叶松林;20年日本落叶松林土壤动物群落多样性和均匀度指数均显著高于10年和32年日本落叶松林.同时,研究发现不同发育阶段日本落叶松林土壤动物群落"腐食性+杂食性"密度变化与类群丰富度随着林龄的增加有降低的趋势.此外,研究还发现,不同发育阶段日本落叶松林倍足纲、步甲科、双翅目幼虫和蚁科动物类群密度存在明显变化,说明这些动物类群可以用来指示日本落叶松林土壤环境变化.研究表明引种日本落叶松林土壤动物群落密度及类群丰富度显著降低,而"腐食性+杂食性"密度及类群丰富度也随之降低.
Long-term human disturbance in the secondary forest ecosystem would have profound impacts on belowground ecological processes, whereas the community structure and functional diversity of soil fauna would be sensitive to the changes of belowground ecological processes, thus being an indicator of the changes. In this study, the method of hand-sorting was adopted to investigate the density of the soil macrofaunal community across three forest types of 10-year-old, 20-year-old and 32-year-old Japanese conifer （Larix kaempferi） plantation in the western Qinling Mountains. PCA and one-way ANOVA analysis were applied to analyze the community structure and trophic group composition of soil macrofauna in different developmental stages of Japanese conifer plantations. Our results demonstrated that the density of the soil macrofauna community in the 10-year-old Japanese conifer plantation was significantly higher than that in the 20-year-old and 32-year-old Japanese conifer plantations, and the density of the soil macrofauna community in the 32-year-old Japanese conifer plantation was significantly higher than that in the 20-year-old Japanese conifer plantation. However, the diversity index and evenness index in the 20-year-old Japanese conifer plantation was significantly higher than that in the 10-year-old and 32-year-old Japanese conifer plantations. We also found a similar pattern in the abundance and group richness of ＇detritivores＋ominivores＇ in different developmental stages of Japanese conifer plantations. There were significant changes of Diplopoda, Carabidae, Diptera larvae and Formicidae across the three development stages of Japanese conifer plantation, which can be used as indicators of the change in soil environments. Fig 3, Tab 2, Ref27
出处
《应用与环境生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第4期611-617,共7页
Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(30671666)资助~~
关键词
秦岭
日本落叶松林
发育阶段
大型土壤动物
群落结构
the Qinling Mountains
Larix kaempferi plantation
development stage
soil macrofauna
community structure
