摘要
单纯的破乳剂和无机盐都能够使原油脱盐脱水,而实验中所选用的超稠油黏度很高,已有的破乳剂对其脱水作用微乎其微,几乎观察不到有水脱出。针对这种情况,实验采用的方法是利用无机盐类电解质使原油乳化液发生油水分层而遭到破坏之后再使用破乳剂。在加入一定量的无机盐类电解质后,原油的黏度大大降低,加入破乳剂后原油脱水效果明显,说明无机盐对稠油破乳剂有增效作用。为了节约成本,使实验更易于操作,按照一定比例将无机盐和破乳剂配制成混合溶液后进行脱水实验,结果发现无机盐CaCl2和破乳剂CJX-534的质量比为3∶7时,原油的含水量最低,混合试剂在加量为300 mg/L、pH值为5、温度为60℃的条件下破乳10 h后,稠油中的含水率小于0.5%,达到规定标准。
Both demulsifers and inorganic salts can dehydrate crude oil.However,the demulsifiers available exhibited very low dehydration performance for the high-viscosity crude oil in the lab tests,and there was no water observed from dehydration.To salve this problem,the organic salt was applied in the test to form oil and water layer of emulsified crude oil.When the oil and water layer was destroyed,the demulsifer was added.When a certain amount of organic salts was added,the viscosity of crude oil would be greatly reduced.After addition of demulsifer,the dehydration of heavy crude oil would be greatly improved.These indicate that the organic salts offer synergistic effect for heavy crude oil demulsifiers.In order to save costs and to facilitate the operation,a mixed solution of inorganic salt and demulsifiers at a certain percentages was prepared for the dehydration tests.The results of the tests show that,the water in dehydrated crude is the lowest when inorganic salt（CaCl2） to demulsifier（GJX-534） ratio is 3∶ 7.When the mixed solution is added at a dosage of 300 mg / L to demulsify the heavy crude oil for 10 hours at the conditions of 5 pH value and 60 ℃ temperature,the water in heavy crude oil is lower than 0.5% which meet the specifications.
出处
《炼油技术与工程》
CAS
2013年第7期50-52,共3页
Petroleum Refinery Engineering
关键词
稠油
破乳剂
无机盐
脱水
黏度
混合
thick oil
demulsifer
inorganic salt
dehydration
viscosity
mixing
