摘要
目的探讨潜艇艇员工作应激与健康的关系。方法 2008年4月采用随机整群抽样方法在海军某基地抽取参加集训的272名潜艇艇员作为研究对象,采用个人基本情况调查表、自测健康评定量表、自制潜艇艇员工作应激源调查表、工作应激自评量表对艇员进行测试。分析艇员的一般生理健康、心理健康、社会健康状况并与常模进行比较。分析艇员10项一般情况(年龄、军龄、教育程度、本职岗位工作时间、表彰奖励次数、上班工作时间、下班工作时间、睡眠时间、不能休假的时间、积极的工作态度)及15条工作应激源(与工作相关的危险因素、饮食问题、工作场所高温高湿噪音、干净衣物缺乏、疾病、与外界失去联系、缺乏执行任务的信息、缺乏家人支持、人际关系问题、任务决策参与少、工作单调枯燥、值更、工作量大、工作质量要求高、应对突发威胁)与艇员的身体健康、心理健康、社会健康分数及健康总分的相关性。结果潜艇艇员自测健康总分与常模之间的差异无统计学意义(t=0.56,P>0.05),但生理健康、心理健康分数显著低于常模(t=–2.172,P<0.05;t=–3.299,P<0.01),社会健康分数显著高于常模(t=9.331,P<0.001)。潜艇艇员的年龄、军龄、在本岗位工作时间与生理健康(r=–0.290,P<0.01;r=–0.266,P<0.01;r=–0.245,P<0.01)、心理健康(r=–0.304,P<0.01;r=–0.285,P<0.01;r=–0.183,P<0.01)呈显著负相关。睡眠时间、积极的工作态度与生理健康(r=0.229,P<0.01;r=0.178,P<0.01)、心理健康(r=0.178,P<0.01;r=0.412,P<0.01)和社会健康(r=0.164,P<0.01;r=0.401,P<0.01)均呈显著正相关。潜艇艇员工作应激源的数量、人际关系应激、物理条件应激与心理健康呈显著负相关(r=–0.299,P<0.01;r=–0.174,P<0.01;r=–0.243,P<0.01)。艇员的工作应激水平(高、中、低)不同,健康水平亦不同(生理健康:F=19.934,P<0.01;心理健康:F=26.370,P<0.01;社会健�
Objective To explore the relationship between work stress and health in submariners.Methods In April 2008,272 submariners trained in a navy base were selected as study subjects by random group sampling method,and tested by primary personal information questionnaire,self-rated health measurement scale（SRHMS）,self-developed submariners’ work stressors questionnaire,and work stress self-rated scale.Physical health,mental health and social health of submariners were analyzed,and scores were compared with the norm of reference scores.Correlations were analyzed respectively between 10 items of submariners’ general information（including age,length of military service,education degree,years at the present post,times of receiving awards,on-duty hours,off-duty hours,hours of sleep,lost days of leave,positive attitude to work） and their physical health score,mental health score,social health score,total health score,as well as between 15 submariners’ work stressors（including workrelated risks,diet problems,high temperature,humidity and noise in workplace,shortage of clean clothes,illness,losing contact with outside,lack of information about the task,lacking supports from family members,relationship problems,lack of involvement in task decisions,boring and dull work,on duty,heavy work,high quality of work,coping with unexpected threat） and their physical health score,mental health score,social health score and total health score.Results No significant difference was found between submariners’ SRHMS total score and the normal referenced score（t=0.56,P＆gt;0.05）,but the physical health score and mental health score were significantly lower than normal referenced scores respectively（t=–2.172,P＆lt;0.05;t=–3.299,P＆lt;0.01）,and the social health score was significantly higher than normal referenced score（t=9.331,P＆lt;0.001）.The age,length of military service,years at present
出处
《解放军医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第8期665-669,共5页
Medical Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army
基金
海军医学研究所科研基金项目(06HY35
12HYB2)~~
关键词
心理学
军事
潜水医学
应激
心理学
psychology,military
submarine medicine
stress,psychological
