摘要
小尺度景观变化研究,能补充宏观变化研究结果,为有效可行的乡村景观管理提供依据。本文以高分辨率遥感影像为底图,于2009年与2012年开展野外实地调查,建立乡村景观数据库。通过土地利用与土地覆盖变化评价,研究乡村景观变化特征。在北京市大兴区、河北省曲周县与江苏省常熟市选取村级研究区,开展小尺度案例研究。研究显示,不同地区的乡村景观在较短时期内都发生了明显的变化,且趋势各异。建设用地不再是单向增长趋势,出现了增长趋缓以及下降的现象,并因不同用地性质而具有相异的变化特征。农田保护政策发挥了积极作用,面积下降显著趋缓。受农业生产用地调整影响,果园与苗圃面积快速增加,提升了研究区乔木覆盖面积。坑塘、一年生自然植被用地成为当前主要的用地来源,生境斑块持续消失。规模化生产是小尺度乡村景观变化的重要驱动力。小尺度乡村景观变化有异于大尺度研究结果,多样化及区域差异化的景观变化特征需要制定针对性更强、涉及范围更广的管理政策。
Construction land is increasing and farm land, forests and wetlands are in decline across China. Little is known about how rural landscapes respond to this process, especially at the village scale. We selected three study areas with different economies and social conditions in order to analyze current policy effects on local rural systems from 2009 and 2012. Our results show that rural landscapes at a fine scale have changed in the short-term. Generally, construction land has followed a developing trend and has increased around cities, been stable in agricultural regions and slowly decreased in rural areas. Farmland has declined at a low speed. Wood plots have gradually increased from north to south because of orchards and nursery expansion. Aquaculture pools and annual natural vegetation were the main sources for the increase in other land types. The economy, population and market, and intensive production were driving forces for local rural landscape change. In conclusion, we argue that fine-scale analysis can explain rural landscape change, and policies with special purpose and extended scope are necessary to support sustainable management policy-making into the future.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第8期1685-1692,共8页
Resources Science
基金
国家科技支撑计划课题:"村镇景观建设关键技术研究"(编号:2012BAJ24B05)
