摘要
目的为了解中老年人群营养知识、饮食行为和BMI现状与受教育水平的关系。方法对南京市城乡26家养老机构和社区的1367名中老年人进行问卷调查。结果高中组和大学组营养知识水平显著高于小学组和初中组(P<0.05,P<0.01)且获取营养知识的途径明显多元化;而小学组和初中组50%的群体主要依赖广播电视。由于受教育程度高的中老年人经济收入普遍较高,间接影响到其膳食结构,他们的饮食行为更趋合理。进一步比较知识水平、年龄与BMI之间的关系,年龄影响更明显。75岁老人的消瘦和肥胖比例增加,应更加注重他们的膳食营养补充。结论受教育水平对中老年人群的营养知识和饮食行为影响显著(P=0.00),高中和大学文化程度群体营养知识和经济收入明显优于小学和初中群体;但BMI主要与年龄相关,高龄老人二端比例增加,需要更加关注。
Objective To study the relationship of the elderly nutrition knowledge,eating behavior and BMI status with their education level.Methods A questionnaire was designed to investigate 1367 elders in 26 nursing homes and communities of Nanjing.Results Accoording to the education lever,elders nutrition knowledge in college and high school was more than that in middle and primary school,significantly（P〈0.05,P0.01）.Elders in college and high school groups could obtain much more informations via diversification,such as book,journal or magazine,interpersonal communication and TV or radio.While,50% elders in lower education groups（middle and primary school） usually watch TV or lisen to the radio get knowledge.The higher education level,the higher income for elders.For this reason,their dietary structure and eating behavior were tending to be reasonable.Compared with the education lever,age and BMI,the effect of age on BMI was more than education lever.The ratio of weight loss and obesity in 75 years old was clearly increased,their nutrition supplment needs more care.Conclusion The elderly education lever was a key factor on their nutrition knowledge and eating behavior（P=0.00）.In college and high school groups,elders nutrition knowledge and income were better than lower education level.However,the age was closed relative to BMI.When elders was over 75 years old,their body weight tend to loss or over and need more nutritional attention.
出处
《卫生研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第4期605-609,共5页
Journal of Hygiene Research
基金
江苏省"六大人才"项目(No.06-G-028)
营养学创新团队建设项目(No.181220001517)
