摘要
新市民是指由农村向城市转移的新增城市常住人口。我国2000-2010的10年间新市民增加2.11亿,接近城市人口的1/3。传统乡土社会,人们以血缘关系为轴心、以家族或宗族的形式聚集扎根在边界清晰的地域范围内,形成村落共同体。现代城市社会,人们以职业为轴心,以个人或核心家庭的形式居住在散落分布的各种住宅小区中,形成散户社区。从乡土社会进入城市社会的过程中,新市民的社会关系转型表现在四个维度:(1)开放程度:从封闭型向开放型转变;(2)复合程度:从复合型向单一型转变;(3)紧密度:从紧密型向松散型转变;(4)熟悉程度:从熟悉型向陌生型转变。这一转型速度快、波及范围广,每个维度的转变都是一个充满矛盾与冲突的调整和适应过程。随着中国城市化进程的进一步推进,新市民的社会关系转型必然对人们的合作方式、信任取向、行动原则产生重要影响,也将对制度体系提出新的要求。
The new urbanites refer to fresh urban residents who have recently relocated from rural areas to the cities.They number 211 million in the 10 years of 2000-2010,close to 1/3 of the total urban population.Traditional rural societies take blood relations as the axis and root in the region by forming families,clans or rural village communities that have marked geographical boundaries.In modern cities,however,a person’s professional occupation is the axis,and urbanites live in various residential communities as individuals or members of nuclear families loosely attached to their communities.Urbanization transforms the social relations of these new city inhabitants in four dimensions：（1） from closed towards open communities;（2） from inclusive,allencompassing to single-dimensioned communities;（3） from tight bond with rural environments to loose attachments to urban settings;（4） from the familiar towards the unfamiliar.The transformation is fast,affecting a wide range of change,and the process of adjustment and adaptation full of contradiction and conflicted.As China’s urbanization progresses relentlessly,the transformation of new citizens’ social relations will strongly impact people’s ways of cooperation,trust,and principles of action,placing new requirements on the governance system.
出处
《深圳大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第4期113-119,共7页
Journal of Shenzhen University：Humanities & Social Sciences
关键词
社会关系
新市民
血缘关系
地缘关系
业缘关系
social relations
new urbanites
blood relations
geopolitical relations
professional relations
