摘要
对火电行业环境外部性的定量化分析,有利于实现环境外部成本的内部化,实现火电行业节能减排、清洁发展目标。对1998—2010年中国火电行业发电过程中产生的烟尘、SO2、NOx及CO2等污染物的排放量进行了计算,并分别依据ExternE模型、UWM模型与"自上而下"方法计算得到的单位污染气体和CO2排放的外部成本,计算得到了1998—2010年中国火电行业发展的总环境外部成本。研究认为,中国火电行业外部成本整体呈明显上升态势。3种方法计算得出的总环境外部成本平均值由1998年的2 980亿元上升到2010年的8 495亿元,其中1998—2002年增长态势较为和缓,2002—2007年急速增长,2007—2010年相对平稳。
Quantitative analyses on the environmental externality of the thermal power industry is helpful to internalize the environmental external cost and realize the target of energy saving and emission reduction as well as clean development. In this study, the emissions of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, dust and carbon dioxide generated by the industry between 1998and 2010are calculated, and then from the external costs of unit emission calculated with the ExternE model, the UWM model and the “top-down” method, the total external costs of the industry between 1998and 2010are obtained. The results suggest that in general the external costs of China’s thermal power industry have been going upwards significantly. The average environmental external cost calculated with the three methods has been raised from 298.0billion Yuan in 1998to 849.5billion Yuan in 2010. The increasing trend is relatively gentle over the period of 1998-2002, rapid over the period of 2002-2007, and comparatively stable over the period of 2007-2010.
出处
《中国电力》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第7期126-132,共7页
Electric Power
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(71073053)
关键词
火电
环境
节能减排
外部成本
thermal power
environment
energy saving and emission reduction
external cost
