摘要
研究温性典型草原优势牧草生长季与气候因子变化的关系,对于监测草地环境变化及保护利用,评估区域气候变化对优势牧草生长的影响,指导畜牧业生产等具有重要的科学意义和实践价值。基于内蒙古中部草原3个牧业气象试验站1983—2009年克氏针茅和羊草的物候期、气象资料,对返青、黄枯日期、生长季与气温、降水量之间的关系进行了统计分析。结果表明:(1)27a间,该区的年、春季、夏季和秋季平均气温均呈显著升高趋势,春季升温幅度最大,气候倾向率为0.71—0.84℃/10a;各时段降水量变化除春季呈微量增加趋势外,总体呈减少态势。可见,内蒙古中部温性典型草原区暖干化趋势明显。(2)27a间,锡林浩特克氏针茅和羊草返青日期表现为推后趋势,并与4月降水量呈显著正相关;镶黄旗和察右后旗克氏针茅和羊草返青日期呈提前趋势,并与3—5月气温、降水量呈显著负相关,气温每升高1℃、降水量每增加10mm,优势牧草返青日期约提前3.0—5.1d和1.3—2.1d。(3)该区克氏针茅和羊草黄枯日期均呈提前趋势,与8—9月气温均呈显著负相关,降水量为正相关,气温每升高1℃,克氏针茅黄枯日期提前1.7—10.7 d,羊草黄枯日期提前3.5—11.3d,降水量的影响相对较弱。(4)该区克氏针茅生长季延长趋势明显,羊草生长季缩短趋势明显。克氏针茅生长季与4—10月均温正相关系数最大,羊草生长季与水热系数的正相关系数最大。
To monitor change,protection and utilization of the grassland environment and assess the effect of regional climate change on grass growth,we investigate the relationship between the dominant pasture growing season in typical grassland and the change of climatic factors.Based on phenological observation data during the growth period and meteorological observation data for Stipa krylovii Roshev and Leymus chinensis（Trin.） Tzvel in Central Inner Mongolia from 1983 to 2009,we analyze the relationship between meteorological elements such as temperature,precipitation and typical plant phenological period using statistical methods.The analysis revealed the following.1） Average temperature had a significant increasing trend in spring,summer,autumn and the entire year,and the spring trend was 0.71 —0.84℃/10 a.Precipitation decreased in all seasons except spring.Climate change had warming and drying trends over the last 27 years in the principal grasslands of Central Inner Mongolia.2） The green-up stage had a trend toward delay and positive correlation with precipitation during April for Stipa krylovii Roshev and Leymus chinensis（Trin.） Tzvel at Xilinhot.However,green-up had a trend toward advance and had negative correlation with temperature and precipitation from March through May for both grass species in Xianghuang Banner and Chahar Right Back Banner.The green-up of dominant pastures advanced 3—5.1 d and 1.3—2.1 d for Stipa krylovii Roshev and Leymus chinensis（Trin.） Tzvel,respectively.3） The yellow and withered period had a trend toward advance and negative correlation with temperature between August and September,and positive correlation with precipitation.With a 1℃ temperature increase,this period advanced 1.7—10.7 d for Stipa krylovii Roshev,and Leymus chinensis（Trin.） Tzvel advanced 3.5—11.3 d.4） The growing period for the aforementioned grass species lengthened,and was significantly positively correlated with average temperature from April through October.The growing period
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第13期4146-4155,共10页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(40865005
41165005)
国家科技部科技基础性工作专项(2007FY210100)
关键词
内蒙古中部
气候变化
牧草生长季
central Inner Mongolia
climate change
green-up and wilting date
