摘要
采用静水生物毒性试验法,研究8种药物对蟹寄江氏伪钟虫(Pseudovorticella jiangi)的杀灭效果,并探讨苯扎溴铵对中华绒螯蟹大眼幼体和Ⅰ期仔蟹的急性毒性。结果显示,各药物对江氏伪钟虫24 h LC50依次为:结晶紫0.18 mg/L,苯扎溴铵0.26mg/L,高锰酸钾1.53 mg/L,月苄三甲氯铵1.81 mg/L,硫酸锌2.31 mg/L,亚甲基蓝3.53 mg/L,磺胺甲氧嘧啶钠5.96 mg/L,甲醛23.04mg/L。苯扎溴铵对江氏伪钟虫2 h LC50为6.57 mg/L;对大眼幼体2、12、24、48、72、96 h LC50分别为54.78、14.81、5.5、3.64、2.78、2.94mg/L,安全浓度为0.48 mg/L;对Ⅰ期仔蟹12、24、48、72、96 h LC50分别为21.46、14.7、7.78、5.44、4.02 mg/L,安全浓度为0.65 mg/L。依据安全性、高效性、经济性和方便性为渔药选择原则,苯扎溴铵最适合作为河蟹养殖生产中江氏伪钟虫的防治药物,建议大眼幼体和Ⅰ期仔蟹阶段采用泼洒浓度为0.35 mg/L进行防治,大眼幼体阶段也可采用药浴浓度为8.0 mg/L、时间为2 h的药浴法进行防治。
The acute toxicity of benzalkonium bromide, crystal violet, methylene blue, formaldehyde, potassium permanganate, zinc sulfate, benzyl chloride and sulfamonomethoxine sodium to Pseudovorticella jiangi and the acute toxicity of benzalkonium bromide to megalopa and P, of Eriocheir sinensis were studied with routine biological toxicity method under the condition of indoor with still water. The results showed that the 24 h LCs0 of eight kinds of drug on P. j/ang/ in order were crystal violet 0.18 mg/L, benzalkonium bromide 0.26 mg/L, potassium permanganate 1.53 rag/L, benzyl chloride 1.81 mg/L, zinc sulfate 2.31 rag/L, methylene blue 3.53 rag/L, sulfamonomethoxine sodium 5.96 rag/L, formaldehyde 23.04 mg/L, respectively. The 2 h LC~ of benzalkonium bromide on P. jiangi was 6.57 mg/L. The 2, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 h LCs0 of benzalkonium bromide on megalopa were 54.78, 14.81, 5.5, 3.64, 2.78, 2.94 mg/L, respectively, and the SC（safe concenteation） was 0.48 mg/L. The 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 h LCs0 of benzalkonium bromide on P1 were 21.46, 14.7, 7.78, 5.44, 4.02 mg/L, respectively, and the SC was 0.65 mg/L. The drug screening was based on the principle of security, high efficiency, economic and conveniency, we chose benzalkonium bromide as the drug for the prevention and control of P.j/oa, at the period of megalopa and P, we adviced that the dosage of splashing concentration was 0.35 mg/L and the dosage of bath therapy was 8.0 mg/L for 2 hours.
出处
《广东农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第11期119-123,共5页
Guangdong Agricultural Sciences
基金
上海市农委中华绒螯蟹产业技术体系建设项目(D8003100208)
上海海洋大学研究生基金(a-2500-11-0035)
