摘要
马林主张共产党加入国民党,播下了"二次革命论"的种子,并得到了共产国际的支持;陈独秀因反对共产党加入国民党的策略,主持起草了中共二大决议,抵制了"二次革命论"。西湖会议后,陈独秀服从共产国际纪律,接受、宣传了"二次革命论",受其影响,中共三大留下了"二次革命论"的痕迹。由于国民党反对被改造、部分党内同志以及一些国际代表对"二次革命论"的批评,加上陈独秀内心深处不接受共产党加入国民党策略,1925年五卅运动后,陈独秀部分地抵制了"二次革命论"。共产国际导致"二次革命论"的错误,受到共产国际代表、反对派以及陈独秀本人的批评;斯大林、布哈林以及部分中国同志为共产国际政策进行了辩护;在批判陈独秀"二次革命论"时,回避了其错误来源于马林和共产国际。
Ever since the 1980s,especially after the 1990s,there have been successive discussions on C hen Duxiu’s'second revolution theory'in the articles by scholars. How ever,the problem still remains unsettled. In the so - called'second revolution theory',it is emphasized that the Chinese National Revolution in the 1920s is a revolution of both nationalism and democratism. This article argues that the'second revolution theory'originated from Malin and the Communist International. In 1922,Malin proposed merging of the two parties,which sowed the seeds of the theory and gained support from the Communist International. Standing in opposition to the merging strategy,in July, 1922,Chen Duxiu hosted and drafted for the second national congress of the CPC to resist the theory. Under its influence he wrote Capitalist Revolution and Revolutionary Capitalists in which he systematically set forth 'the second revolution theory',systemizing and theorizing view s of Malin and the Communist International,whose approval left a trace of his thoughts upon the 'second revolution theory'on the third national congress of the CPC . The Communist International was blamed by some representatives,the opponents and Chen Duxiu himself for its flawed 'second revolution theory'which calls upon cooperation of the two parties,while Stalin,Bukharin and some Chinese comrades spoke in defense of strategies made by the Communist International and evaded the fact that the error originated from Malin and the Communist Party in later critique upon Chen Duxiu’ s'second revolution theory'. Conclusion: Chen Duxiu’s'second revolution theory'originates from the wrong merging strategy,which miscomprehends the national party,the capitalist party actually,as the people’s party or one in favor of the workers and peasants,and led to the ultimate failure of the Great Revolution. During his'cooperation'with the national party,Chen Duxiu had witnessed its reactionary essence before he expected to withdraw from it and cease from blundering. But his entreatment wa
出处
《学术界》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第5期18-40,281-282,共23页
Academics
关键词
陈独秀
“二次革命论”
共产国际
中共党史
Chen Duxiu
the second revolution theory
the Communist International
history of the Communist Party of China
