摘要
目的 :探讨小儿支原体肺炎 ( Mycoplasma pneumonia,MP)的诊断和治疗。方法 :回顾分析 1998年 1月至 1999年 12月收治的小儿 MP55例的病历。结果 :男性 35例 ,女性 2 0例。年龄 1- 14岁。临床表现有发热 ( 4 0例 )、咳嗽 ( 50例 )、气喘 ( 38例 ) ,咽痛伴扁挑体肿大 ( 10例 )。肺部听诊有湿罗音 ( 4 3例 )和哮鸣音 ( 38例 )。 5例有肺外表现。胸片显示云雾状阴影 ,多数位于肺下叶 ( 4 0例 )。全部病儿冷凝集试验滴定价 1∶ 64。 12例咽拭子培养有肺炎支原体生长。全部病儿红霉素治疗有好的疗效。结论 :MP的临床诊断主要依据 :1持续高热伴全身不适、频繁咳嗽、咽痛、头痛或胸痛 ;2胸部检查无实变或积液体征 ;3咽炎伴皮疹或耳鼓膜炎 ;4白细胞计数常常正常或减少 ;5胸片显示云雾状或游走性阴影 ;6青霉毒治疗无效 ,而红素霉素治疗疗效满意。
Objective:To study the diagnosis and treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia(MP)in children.Method:The datas of 55 children with MP,From January 1998 to December 1999,were retrospectively reviewed.Results:35 were maless and 20 were females.Ages ranged from 1 to 14 years.The clinical manifestations were fever(40 cases),cough (50 cases),wheezing(38 cases),phargnex pain with tonsillitis(10 cases).Examination of the chest reveals fine rales(43 cases)and asthma(25 cases).There are exterapulmonar complications in 5 chest.Chest radiograph presents foglike or migration patchy,unilateeral involvement is evidence in 36 cases,Infiltration is most prominent at the base of the Lungs(46 cases).All of these patients,a cold agglutinin test is greater than 1∶64 in the serum.Myaoplasma has been cultured from pharynex secretory(12 cases).Erythromycin appear to be equally effective in all patients.Conclusions:The clinical diagnosis of MP is main depend on:①Persistent fever with paroxymal cough,Headache ,Chest soreness or Pharynex Pain;②Examin ation of the chest usually fails to show signs of dense considation or fluid accumulation;③Pharyngits,skin rashes or myringitis;④white blood cells counter is usually normal or decrease;⑤chest radiograph shows foglike or migrating Patchy;⑥Penicillins have little or no effect,MP is sensitive to erythromycin.Erythromycin is preferred,the dosage for the drug is 250 to 500 mg four times daily for two weeks.
出处
《河北医学》
CAS
2000年第8期688-690,共3页
Hebei Medicine
