摘要
背景经气管喷射通气所提供的氧气能够拯救生命,但是目前关于能够为经气管喷射通气提供足够驱动压力的(在手术室内外随时可用的)氧源的研究尚不多见。方法我们设计了包括一个2.25mm(14G)的静脉导管的特殊喷射通气试验系统,用于测量驱动气压(上游或局部的氧气压)。所评估的高压氧源包括壁挂式氧流量计(Puritan、Allied Health、Precision和Datex.Ohmeda)、麻醉机辅助氧气流量计和麻醉机的快速供氧阀(Draeger Narkomed2B、Narkomed4、Datex—Ohmeda Excel与Datex—Ohmeda Modulus等)。结果所有4种壁挂式氧流量计开到超过其最大设定值(15L/min)时,均能提供足够的工作气压(范围:103—282kPa;16—41psi)。Datex.Ohmeda机型上所配备的辅助氧气流量计工作气压是适合喷射通气的(范围:189—248kPa;27—36psi),而Draeger机型上的辅助氧流量计则不能提供喷射通气所需的气压:分别为Narkomed2B,14—28kPa(2—4psi);Narkomed4,24—28kPa(3—4psi)。Draeger机型上的快速供氧阀的工作压力可以支持喷射通气所需气压,其供压范围为96—117kPa(14—17psi),而Datex-Ohmeda快速供氧阀产生的气压不足(范围在50—62kPa,7—9psi)。结论除连接到高压氧管道的专用喷射呼吸机氧源可以提供足够的工作气压,其他类型的氧源需要通过测试来确保其能够提供足够的工作气压。
BACKGROUND: Oxygen supplies capable of supporting transtracheal jet ventilators can be lifesaving. There is not much information about which oxygen sources (readily available inside and outside operating rooms) have sufficient driving pressure for transtracheal jet ventilation. METHODS: We measured driving pressures (upstream or residual oxygen pressure) in a specially designed jet ventilation test system with a 2.25-mm (14-gauge) IV catheter. High- pressure oxygen sources evaluated included wall-mounted (Puritan, Allied Health, Precision, and Datex-Ohmeda) and anesthesia machine auxiliary oxygen flowmeters and oxygen flush valves from anesthesia machines (Draeger Narkomed 2B, Narkomed 4, Datex-Ohmeda Excel, and Datex-Ohmeda Modulus ). RESULTS: All 4 types of wall-mounted oxygen flowmeters, opened past their highest scale settings (15 ldmin), delivered sufficient working pressures (range, 103 -282 kPa, 16 -41 psi). Working pressures from auxiliary oxygen flowmeters mounted on Datex-Ohmeda machines were adequate to support jet ventilation (range, 189 -248 kPa; 27 -36 psi), whereas those on tested Draeger machines did not supply sufficient pressure for jet ventilation: Narkomed 2B, 14 -28 kPa (2 -4 psi); Narkomed 4, 24 -28 kPa (3 -4 psi). Working pressures delivered by oxygen flush valves on tested Draeger machines were adequate to support jet ventilation, ranging from 96 to 117 kPa (14 - 17 psi), whereas pressures generated by tested Datex-Ohmeda flush valves were not (ranging from 50 to 62 kPa, 7 - 9 psi). CONCLUSIONS: Oxygen sources other than dedicated jet ventilator connectors to high-pressure pipeline oxygen may supply adequate working pressure, but each type of oxygen source needs testing to ensure that it supplies adequate working pressure.
出处
《麻醉与镇痛》
2013年第2期87-93,共7页
Anesthesia & Analgesia