摘要
杂草稻是世界稻田最主要的草害之一,其发生、传播和危害给栽培稻的生产带来了不同程度的影响。广东省雷州市是我国南方重要的水稻生产地,一年可以种植两季水稻,素有"粤西粮仓"之称。20世纪90年代以后,杂草稻随着直播栽培技术的推广而迅速传播,逐渐成为雷州稻田的主要害草之一,给当地的水稻生产带来了严重的负面影响。由于杂草稻分蘖力强和落粒性强、在土壤种子库中存活时间长、能模仿栽培稻品种的形态特征,并具有极强的繁殖能力,对其进行防治非常困难。针对上述问题以及杂草稻对水稻生产的影响,对杂草稻在雷州市稻田生态系统中的来源、传播、分布范围、发生状况以及水稻耕种方式对杂草稻群体动态的影响进行了调查研究,并根据研究结果提出了相应的防治对策和管理措施,希望将杂草稻的发生和危害降低到最小水平。
Weedy rice is one of the major weeds occurring in rice fields worldwide. Its occurrence, dissemination, and damage in rice fields have considerable effects on rice production. Leizhou City in Guangdong Province is an important rice production region in southern China. It has two seasons of rice cultivation per year and is known as the granary of western Guangdong. Since the 1990s weedy rice has spread rapidly along with the increase of direct sowing,thus becom- ing one of the most notorious rice weeds in Leizbeu area,where it negatively impacts local rice production. Weedy rice has a strong tillering ability, seed shattering, high survival in the soil seed - bank, morphological mimicry to the rice crop, and efficient reproduction, which makes it difficult to control it. Considering these problems associated with weedy rice and its impact on rice production, the sources, dissemination, distribution, and its occurrence in rice fields of Leizhou area as well as the effect of cultivation pattern on weedy rice population dynamics, were investigated. Different management and control strategies are proposed to miflimize the occurrence and damage of weedy rice.
出处
《杂草科学》
2013年第1期20-25,共6页
Weed Science
关键词
杂草稻
杂草危害
形态变异
耕作方式
杂草控制
weedy rice
weed damage
morphological variation
farming style
weed control
