摘要
目的评价重庆市全民食盐加碘15年后碘缺乏病现状,为今后防治碘缺乏病策略调整提供科学依据。方法 2011年在重庆市采用人口比例概率抽样法抽取30个监测点。每点抽取1所小学8～10岁儿童40名,调查儿童甲状腺肿大情况、盐碘、尿碘、日均摄食盐量以及孕妇和哺乳期妇女尿碘。甲状腺采用B超法检查,尿碘采用砷铈催化分光光度方法 (WS/T 107-2006)测定,盐碘采用直接滴定法(GB/T13025.7-1999),摄入食盐量采用3日称量法进行测算。结果共调查1 322名8～10岁儿童,甲状腺肿大率为5.52%,6.67%的区县超过10%。盐碘中位数为29.90mg/kg,碘盐覆盖率、合格碘盐食用率分别为99.62%、96.67%,不同区县间比较,合格碘盐食用率差异有统计学意义(χ2=53.47,P<0.05)。居民日均摄入食盐量为8.44g。儿童、孕妇、哺乳妇女尿碘中位数分别为254.10μg/L、223.85μg/L、219.60μg/L;不同区县间比较,三种人群的尿碘中位数差异均有统计学意义(H儿童=121.27,H孕妇=58.57,H哺乳妇女=55.34,P均<0.01);尿碘<100μg/L比例分别占9.68%、12.86%、14.07%,300μg/L以上比例分别占36.38%、32.59%、31.82%。结论总体上重庆市儿童甲状腺肿大率、碘盐覆盖率及合格碘盐食用率、尿碘均在消除碘缺乏病标准范围内,但人群存在碘不足和碘过量现象。
Objective To assess the current status of iodine deficiency disorders in Chongqing following 15 years of universal salt iodization so as to provide scientific evidence. Methods Probability sampling method was used to select 30 counties in Chongqing. 40 children aged 8 to 10 years from one school in each county were checked for thymus, salt and urinary iodine, daily salt intake using B-ultrasonograghy, direct drop method, Ce arsenic acid digestion and 3-day weighing method. Urinary iodine was also measured for pregnant and lacta- ting women. Results A total of 1 322 students were surveyed with the total goiter rate of 5. 52%. and there were 6.67% counties with the rate over 10%. The median salt iodine was 29.90 mg/kg. The coverage of io- dized salt and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt were 99. 62%, and 96.67%, respectively. There were significant differences of consumption rate of qualified iodized salt among counties （x^2= 53.47, P〈 0.05） . The amount of daily salt intake was 8.44 g per resident. The median urine iodine among children, pregnant and lactating women were 254. 10 μg/L, 223.85 μg/L and 219.60 μg/L which showed significant differences among counties in each population （Hchiladren =- 121. 27, Hpregnant ： 58.57, Hlactating = 55.34, all P〈0.01） . There were 9.68%, 12.86% and 14. 07% individuals in three groups whose urine iodine was lower than 100 μg/L, and 36.38%, 32.59% and 31.82% individuals with urine iodine of above 300 μg/L. Conclusions In general, the total goiter rate, coverage rate of iodized salt, intaking rate of qualified iodized salt and urine iodine are all in the range of standard for eliminating iodine deficiency disorders in Chongqing. However, there are still shortage and overdose of iodine.
出处
《中国预防医学杂志》
CAS
2013年第4期292-296,共5页
Chinese Preventive Medicine
关键词
食盐加碘
碘缺乏病
甲状腺肿大
评价
Universal salt iodization
Iodine deficiency disorders
Goiter
Evaluation
