摘要
本文回顾了新中国成立至今社区发展实践的历程、特点、存在的问题和原因,提出未来社区发展的多元合作路径。改革开放前,中国实行由政府主导的全国性、运动式、大规模的社区发展运动,在特定历史阶段发挥了作用,但由于不尊重居民意愿,存在与社会经济发展规律相违背的地方,不可持续。改革开放后,社区发展政策发生转变,但依然是自上而下式,转以基层政权建设为主要目的,缺乏对社会力量和居民参与的鼓励。近年来,民间开展了多种类型的社区发展实践,呈现与政府力量相呼应的多元发展格局。新形势下,政府应重新认识社区发展的本质内涵,确立自己的合适定位,放手培育社会力量,与居民和社会力量一起,形成新时期有中国特色的社区发展战略。
This paper reviews the community development trajectory since the founding of the People＇s Republic of China and describes its developmental phases. The author observes that before the reform and opening up, China launched large scale national campaigns for community development. However, since the campaigns often went against the general laws of development, their results were not sustainable. After the reform, many efforts were made to encourage com- munity development. Nonetheless, the primary melody is still top--down, lacking citizen participation or encourage- ment for their participation. In more recent years, however, a plenty of efforts have been done to encourage various types of community development. Together with the support from the government, many forces have joined hands to develop their communities. On the basis of such experiences, the author calls for a more open--minded approach in which the government should encourage citizen participation and promote community development strategies with Chi- nese characteristics.
出处
《中国行政管理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第5期77-81,共5页
Chinese Public Administration
基金
国家自然科学基金项目"基于社会网络分析的规划管理与城市发展互动机理研究"(项目批准号:71073166/G031302)和"基于主导要素演替的城市发展阶段与阶段性空间模式研究"(项目批准号:41001104)的阶段性成果
国家"985工程优势学科创新平台项目"专项经费的资助
关键词
社区发展
政府主导
社会组织
居民参与
community development, government--oriented, social organization, citizen participation
