摘要
综述了放射性同位素热源/电源(RHU/RTG)在美国、苏联/俄罗斯航天任务中的应用情况。其中包括:美国首次作为空间飞行辅助电源的SNAP-3BRTG,首次作为卫星主电源的SNAP-9ARTG,首个满足空间安全性的SNAP-19B RTG,首个采用模块化设计的通用热源(GPHS);苏联/俄罗斯首次在空间应用的210 Po RTG和应用于火星探测的238 Pu RTG;美国和苏联/俄罗斯发生的6次航天应用意外事件及其影响。概述了国际上空间核安全政策与措施,可为中国月球探测工程核能源的应用提供参考。
The applications of RHU/RTG in American and Russian space missions are summa- rized. In American space missions,SNAP-3B RTG is the first space auxiliary power, SNAP-9A RTG is the first main power for satellite, SNAP-19B RTG is the first RTG satisfying space safety, and the GPHS is the first modularized heat source. In Russian space missions,210Po RTG is the first RTG in space, and 238pu RTG is used in Mars exploration. Six space application accidents and their influences in America and Russia are also introduced. The international safety policies and measures of space nuclear energy are summarized, which can be a reference for the utilization of space nuclear energy in the China lunar exploration proiect.
出处
《航天器工程》
2013年第2期1-6,共6页
Spacecraft Engineering
