摘要
地铁换乘车站建筑形式特殊,其火灾烟气特性与普通地下建筑有着较大差异。针对某地铁换乘站的防火问题,采用CFD大涡模拟场模型进行地铁换乘车站火灾烟气特性的模拟分析,对不同危险场景下换乘站内的烟气扩散和运动规律进行了分析研究,验证原有排烟设计的有效性。通过分析发现传统的分区排烟模式不能很好的控制烟气的蔓延,针对这种情况,应用性能化防火设计的原理对车站的防排烟系统进行了改造设计,提高了地铁车站防排烟系统的整体能力,达到了对火灾烟气进行控制和保证人员安全疏散目的,并采用先进的虚拟现实技术,结合CFD数值模型构建了集成的火灾数值虚拟仿真平台,进行该车站的防排烟系统改造设计进行了模拟与分析,获得了具有高度真实感的地铁换乘站火灾烟气蔓延过程。此外,通过研究发现,除传统排烟风速和排烟量等指标对烟气控制有较大影响外,不同排烟方案和整个排烟系统的运行模式对烟气扩散和人员安全疏散也有重要的影响。
The fire smoke characteristics, in exchanging subway station, are different from other underground buildings. An exchanging subway station of Beijing was chosen as case study. Utilizing the large eddy simulation software-FDS, the diffusion process of different fire scene was simulated and calculated, and the effect of smoke control, air distribution and the impact on safety egress were analyzed to validate the fire purging mode. According to the simulation results, the smoke spread characteristics and the impact on occupants evacuation were studied. Then, a 3D virtual reality simulation was performed to represent the variation of the fire temperature and the sickness of the smoke layer vividly. Results show that the old design of smoke control system in this station can not satisfy the request of evacuation during the fire. By the renovation design, the smoke control system was improved to satisfy the requirement of people evacuation completely.
出处
《系统仿真学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第4期681-686,共6页
Journal of System Simulation
基金
国家自然科学基金资助(71103122)
上海市教育委员会重点学科建设项目资助(J51502)
上海应用技术学院安全技术及工程重点学科建设项目资助
关键词
地铁换乘站
火灾烟气
CFD模拟
虚拟现实
性能化防火设计
exchanging subway station
fire smoke
CFD Simulation
virtual reality
performance-based fire protection design
