摘要
孩子是如何习得语言并理解语言这一话题引起了语言哲学界的广泛兴趣。奎因从行为主义和经验主义立场出发,认为儿童完全靠模仿成人学习观察句并通过类比、综合、归纳等方法学会多词句。他放弃了对意义确定性的研究,转而提出了翻译的不确定性论题,使得语言的理解变得捉摸不定。而乔姆斯基则旗帜鲜明地捍卫自己理性主义的观点。他的天赋说为语言学习开辟了一种新的见解,人的内在机制说明语言学习是水到渠成的事;而语言之所以可以理解,正是因为理解是个自然的过程。语言学习和理解的原始形式是确定性,不是不确定性。
The issue of how language is acquired and understood has stirred great enthusiasm among philosophers of language.From the perspective of behaviorism and empiricism,Quine holds that children learn observational sentences by imitating the adults and learn different sentences by means of analogy,synthesis and induction,etc.Instead of following the study on the certainty of meaning,he puts forward the idea of the indeterminacy of translation,making language acquisition and language understanding a difficult,if not impossible,task.Against this,Chomsky strongly defends his perspective on rationalism.His idea of innate language hypothesis shows that children acquire language in a natural way;in a broader sense,understanding is also a natural process.That is to say,language acquisition and language understanding is of certainty,rather than uncertainty.
基金
福建省教育厅社科A类项目(JA12113S)
关键词
唯理主义
经验主义
确定性
语言理解
不确定性
nationalism
empiricism
certainty
language understanding
indeterminacy
