摘要
目的掌握中国饮水型氟中毒病区降氟改水工程运行质量以及氟中毒的病情变化趋势。方法按照《饮水型地方性氟中毒监测方案（试行）》的要求，在2010、2011年各抽取314个县为监测县。每个监测县按照单纯随机抽样的方法抽取10个降氟改水工程，调查改水工程运行情况，采集末梢水测定水氟含量。2010、2011年共抽取监测村818个，检测监测村饮水含氟量，采用Dean法开展8～12岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况调查。结果@20LO年度全国共监测降氟改水工程1381个，正常运转率为93．19％（1287／1381），水氟合格率为76．32％（1054／1398）；2011年度共监测改水工程1408个，正常运转率为94．74％（1334／1408），水氟合格率为79．26％（1116／1408）。~20LO、2011年度分别监测319和327个已改水村，其改水工程水氟合格率分别为73-35％（234／319）和73．70％（241／327）。2010、2011年度分别监测84和88个未改水村，其中，水氟〉1．2—2．0mg／L的村分别占47．62％（40／84）和52．27％（46／88），水氟〉2．0～4．0mg／L的村分别占42．86％（36／84）和38．64％（34／88），水氟〉4．0mg／L的村分别占9．52％（8／84）和9．09％（8／88）。（~2010、2011年度改水工程运行正常且水氟合格的已改水监测村，8～12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率分别为26．97％（4347／16119）和24．98％（4027／16123），改水工程未正常运转或水氟超标的已改水监测村检出率分别为44．09％（1721／3903）和41．86％（2188／5227），未改水监测村检出率分别为46．08％（2802／6081）和45．5l％（2804／6161）。结论我国饮水型氟中毒病区降氟改水工程正常运转率为93％-95％，水氟含量合格率未超过80％，改水工程的运行情况及水质质量仍需改善。有效改水后病区儿童氟斑牙病情显著下降。
Objective To grasp the operation quality of the water-improving projects for lowing fluoride level and to grasp the prevalence trend of fluorosis in drinking-water-borne fluorosis affected areas in China. Methods According to the ＂Surveillance Scheme of Drinking-Water-Borne Endemic Fluorosis （Trial）＂, 314 counties were selected as monitoring counties in 2010 and 2011, respectively. Ten water-improving projects were randomly selected in each monitoring county every year. For each project, the operating condition was investigated and the fluoride level of tap water was determined. For each village, the fluoride level in drinking water was determined and the prevalence of dental fluorosis of all pupils aged 8 - 12 were surveyed. Dental fluorosis was diagnosed according to Dean method. Results ①A total of 1381 waterimproving projects were monitored in 2010, among which normal operating projects accounted for 93.19% （1287/1381） and those with qualified fluoride level accounted for 76.32%（1054/1398）. A total of 1408 water-improving projects were monitored in 2011. Normal operating projects accounted for 94.74% （1334/1408） and those with qualified fluoride level accounted for 79.26%（1116/1408）. ②Total 319 villages with water-improving projects were monitored in 2010, and the number in 201 was 327. The qualification rate of water fluoride content for 2010 and 2011 were 73.35% （234/319） and 73.709 （241/327）, respectively. Total 84 villages without water-improving projects were monitored in 2010, and th, number in 2011 was 88. Villages with fluoride level 〉 1.2 - 2.0 mg/L, 〉 2.0 - 4.0 mg/L, and 〉 4.0 mg/L 2010 accounted for 47.62% （40/84）, 42.86% （36/84）, and 9.52% （8/84）, respectively. The proportion in 201 was 52.27%（46/88）, 38.64%（34/88）, and 9.09%（8/88）, respectively. ③The detectable rates of dental fluorosi of children aged 8 - 12 in 2010 and 2011 were 26.97% （4347/16 119） and 24.98% （4027/16 123）, respeetivel3 In the monitored villages, the w
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第2期177-182,共6页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
基金
中央补助地方公共卫生专项资金地方病防治项目（2010、2011）
关键词
饮水
氟中毒
监测
改水工程
Drinking water
Fluorosis
Monitor
Water-improving project
