摘要
【目的】为了研究建立我国梨腐烂病致病力室内快速、稳定的测定方法,【方法】以‘丰水梨’的离体枝条、叶片、嫩梢和果实为材料,采用不同方法造成伤口后接种梨腐烂病的强致病力菌株F-AH-3a,在25℃下保湿培养后观测各处理的发病程度,并在‘丰水梨’和‘康德梨’上用梨腐烂病致病力已知的菌株对测定方法进行验证。【结果】叶片伤口接种,叶正面的病斑较背面的大,经6针与1和3针刺伤处理产生的病斑大小之间存在显著性差异;嫩梢和果实伤口接种,不同处理产生的病斑大小之间无显著性差异;枝条伤口接种3d后,经打孔、环割、烫打及10针刺伤处理的枝条发病率均为100%,而经3针刺伤、烫伤和芽痕处理的分别为55%、40%和15%。前4种处理病斑的长度显著大于后3种处理。在‘丰水梨’和‘康德梨’品种上,用5个梨腐烂病致病力已知菌株对测定方法进行验证的结果表明,各菌株通过枝条打孔接种后产生的病斑,在其长度之间的差异与菌株致病力已知的强弱相吻合。【结论】采用枝条打孔接种法的测定效果显著、稳定,且操作简单,可用于梨腐烂病菌致病力的室内快速测定。
[Objective]Laboratory determining methods of virulence for the pathogens of pear Valsa canker in China was established in this study. [Method]The strong virulent strain F-All-3a of the pathogens of pear Valsa canker wasrespectivelyinoculated on excised twigs, leaves, young shoots and fruits in vitro, which were wounded by different methods and collected from ＇Hohsui＇ （Pyrus pyrifolia）trees. The inocu- lated materials were cultured in case of moisturizing at 25 ~C and the pathogenic severity of all treatments was observed. The determination methods were inspected in ＇Hohsui＇ and ＇Le Counte＇ （P. communis） by using five virulence-known strains of the pathogens of pear Valsa canker. [Results]The results Showed that in inoculated leaves, the lesion sizes on the right side of the leaves were much bigger thanthose on the back side and there were the significant differences between the lesion sizes on the leaves wounded by pricking six times and that of the leaves wounded by pricking one time and by pricking three times. In in- oculated young shoots and fruits, there were no significant differences between the lesion sizes of the two materials wounded by all treatments. In inoculated twigs, the incidence percentage of the shoots wounded by seven methods were ,respectively, 100% by holing, around ahearing, scald holing and ten times prick- ing, 55% by three times pricking, 40% by scalding, 15 % by bud scar after three days of inoculation. The lesion lengths of the twigs wounded by the former four treatments were significantly bigger than those of the shoots wounded by the latter three treatments. In ＇ Hohsui＇ and ＇ Le Counte＇ pear,the differences inlength of lesions caused five strains of the pathogens of pear Valsa canker on the inoculated twigs wounded by holing were consistent with the differences of actual virulences of the strains. [Conclusion]It was sug- gested that rapid laboratory determining the virulence of the pathogens of pear Valsa canker could be car- tied out by inoculating the p
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第2期317-322,F0003,共7页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
国家梨产业技术体系(CARS-29-10)
国家农业行业公益性项目(201203034-02
200903004-05)
关键词
梨腐烂病
致病力
室内测定
枝条打孔接种
Pear Valsa canker
Pathogenicity
Laboratory determination
Twig holing inoculation
