摘要
目的探讨肾移植术后并发卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎（PCP）的诊断、治疗和护理措施，提高对该病的治疗效果。方法回顾性分析中国医科大学附属第一医院器官移植科1992年5月至2011年7月37例同种异体肾移植术后合并卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎患者的治疗和护理过程，总结护理工作中应注意的要点。结果37例患者中10例出现呼吸衰竭，其中4例行无创通气，6例行无创通气无效后改为经气管插管或气管切开机械通气。4例死亡，其余痊愈出院。5例治疗后血清肌酐（Scr）升高，停用复方磺胺甲恶唑（SMZco）I周后肾功能恢复至原水平。结论肾移植术后PCP的发生主要和患者的免疫状态相关，应以预防为主，一旦发生，及时到位的护理措施尤其重要，鼓励患者配合治疗，减轻感染后的症状，促进患者痊愈。
Objective To explore the diagnosis, treatment and nursing of the patients complicated with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia （PCP） after renal transplantation, and to enhance the treatment effect of the disease. Methods The treatment and nursing processes of 37 patients complicated with PCP after renal transplantation in department of organ transplantation were retrospectively analyzed in the First Affil- iated Hospital of China Medical University from May 1992 to July 2011. And the key points during nursing work were summarized. Results Of the total 37 patients, 10 patients occurred respiratory failure, they were all treated by noninvasive ventilation, among which 6 patients were converted to tracheal intubation or tracheotomy mechanical ventilation. 5 patients appeared rising serum creatinine（Scr） during treatment, but recovered to normal level after discontinuing SMZco for 1 week. 4 patients died unfortunately, and the oth- ers were cured and discharged. Conclusions The occurrence of PCP after renal transplantation is closely related to the immune state of the patients, thus the priority of treatment for PCP should be prevention. Once happened,nursing care in aid is particularly important, then nurses should encourage patients to co- operate with treatment, relieve symptoms after infection, and promote recovery as well.
出处
《中国实用护理杂志》
北大核心
2013年第9期44-46,共3页
Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing
关键词
肾移植
卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎
护理
Kidney transplantation
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
Nursing care
