摘要
目的调查上海市浦东新区社区老年人群中医体质类型的分布状况和规律,为老年人群的健康保健提供依据。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法,抽样调查上海市浦东新区5个街镇25个居委55岁以上常住人口的中医体质分类情况。结果①本次研究按社区常住人口资料预抽样4 600人,实际调查4 086人(88.83%),回收有效调查问卷4 074份。②4 074例调查对象中,平和质1 976人(48.50%),偏颇体质2 098人(51.50%);偏颇体质中最多的是痰湿质722人(17.72%);各体质类型的男女构成比差异有统计学意义(P<0.0001),女性阳虚质构成比高于男性(P=0.0017)。③不同年龄组之间各体质类型构成比差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),其中痰湿质(P=0.005)、瘀血质(P=0.002)及特禀质(P=0.005)在不同年龄段之间的构成比有差异。④单一体质者2 506人,其中平和质1 976人,占单一体质的78.85%;单一偏颇体质530人,占单一体质的21.15%。兼夹体质者1 568人,其中兼有2种体质者850人,占偏颇体质总数的40.51%;兼有3种或以上体质者718人,占偏颇体质总数的34.23%。⑤本次调查中,慢性疾病患者2 226人,占总调查人数的54.64%,其中高血压、糖尿病和高脂血症患者2 188人;无慢性疾病者1 848人,占总调查人数的45.36%。无慢性疾病者中平和质占51.19%,偏颇体质前三位依次为痰湿质(16.67%)、阳虚质(14.07%)、气虚质(6.44%)。无慢性疾病者平和质构成比(51.19%)明显高于慢性疾病患者(46.27%)(P<0.001)。结论本次被调查的老年人群中平和质占48.50%,偏颇体质以痰湿质、阳虚质、气虚质三者占比最高,均与脾胃后天之本密切相关,提示老年人调养脾胃的重要性;老年人偏颇体质中多有兼夹体质,也当引起重视。
Objective Based on the survey of seniors＇ constitution in Shanghai Pudong New Area Communities, this paper aims to provide the basis for their health care. Methods Multi-stage random sampling method was adopted to investigate the classification of Chinese medicine constitution from residents over 55 years in 25 villages in Shanghai Pudong New Area. Results ①4600 residents were enrolled, and 4086 were investigated （88.83 % ）. 4074 questionnaires were collected. ②The data show that 1976 cases （48.50%） are moderate constitution and 2098 cases （51.50%） are biased constitution; 722 cases in biased constitution were phlegm-dampness （17.72%）. There are significant differences in constituent ratio of men＇s and women＇s various constitutions （P 〈 0. 0001 ）. The ratio of yang-deficiency constitution in women was higher than in men （P = 0. 0017 ）. ③In different groups, there are significant differences in constitution ratios （ P 〈 0. 001 ） ： the phlegm-dampness constitution （ P = 0. 005 ）, the blood-stasis constitution （ P = 0. 002 ）, and special constitution （ P = 0. 005 ）. ④In single constitution （n =2506）, 1976 cases were moderate constitution （78.85%）, and 530 cases were biased constitution （21. 15% ）. 850 cases in complex constitution （1568） have two constitutions accounting for 40.51% and 718 cases have three or more constitutions accounting for 34.23%. ⑤In the survey, 2226 cases have chronic disease, accounting for 54.64%, of which 2188 cases have hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia. 1848 cases have no chronic diseases accounting for 45.36 %. Among the 1848 cases, moderate constitutions accounted for 51.19%, and biased constitution are phlegm-dampness constitution （ 16.67% ）, yang-deficiency constitution （ 14.07 % ）, qi-deficiency constitution （6.44% ）. The ratio of moderate constitution in no chronic disease cases （ 51.19 % ） was significantly higher than that of chronic disease cases （46.27 % ） （ P 〈 0. 001 �
出处
《上海中医药杂志》
2013年第3期9-12,共4页
Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine
基金
上海市浦东新区科技发展基金创新资金项目(PKJ2010-Y26)
关键词
老年人
中医体质
抽样调查
senior citizen
constitution in Chinese medicine
sampling test
