摘要
筛选适宜与大棚基质栽培番茄套作的大蒜品种和套播期,旨在为番茄/大蒜基质栽培高效模式的建立提供技术支撑。‘迪芬尼’番茄于2011年7月31日定植,其生长期间选用极早熟、早熟、中晚熟大蒜品种‘正月早’、‘蔡家坡红皮’和‘改良蒜’,设3个套播期,即9月1日、9月21日、10月11日,测定大蒜和春茬番茄(2012年3月30日定植)生长量及产量。结果表明:9月1日套播的大蒜比9月21日和10月11日套播的出苗日期早,但出苗时间长;套播过早,大蒜受秋茬番茄遮阴造成的弱光胁迫时间长,导致收获株率低;中晚熟大蒜品种‘改良蒜’的横径最大值、横径最小值、纵径、周长、单头质量大于其它两个品种。套作大蒜对春茬番茄影响较大,与‘改良蒜’套作显著降低了番茄产量。9月21日套播极早熟大蒜品种‘正月早’,净收益显著高于单作番茄。因此确定在陕西关中地区,适宜与大棚基质培番茄套作的大蒜品种是‘正月早’,其适宜套播期为9月21日。
In order to select the best garlic cultivar and intercropping date for garlic intercropped with substrate culture tomato under plastic tunnel, an experiment was conducted with split plot design duringthe year 2011-2012 at the experimental research station of Northwest A ＆ F University. The tomato （called Difenni）was plated on 31 st July 2011. During the growth of the tomato, two factors studied in thisexperiment were three intercropping dates （09 - 01, 09 - 21 and 10 - 11 ） as main plots and three garlic cultivars （namely ‘Zhengyue Zao＇, ‘ Caijiapo Hongpi＇ and‘Gailiang Suan＇ ） which have different maturitydates as sub-plots. The data were recorded on sprouting of garlic, survival rate of plant, bolting rate, characteristics of bulb and yield of tomato, which was planted on 30th March 2012. The experimentalresults showed that the sprouting for 09 - 01 was much longer than that for 09 - 21 and 10 - 11, but the sprouting date for 09 - 01 was much earlier than that for 09 -21 and 10 - 11. The bulb characteristics of ＇Gailiang Suan＇ were significantly higher than that of‘Caijiapo Hongpi＇ and ‘Zhengyue Zao＇. The survival rate of plant on 10 - 11 was higher than that on 09 - 21 and 09 - 01. The bolting rate was different withdifferent garlic cultivar and intercropping date. Intercropping showed significant effect on spring tomato and intercropping with ＇Gailiang Suan＇ significantly decreased the yield of tomato. Intercropping with ＇Zhengyue Zao＇ at 09 - 21 produced a highest net income. Therefore, ‘Zhengyue Zao＇ and 09 - 21 are recommended as a suitable cultivar and intercropping date for tomato/garlic intercropping in substratecultivation under plastic ttmnel.
出处
《园艺学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第3期555-561,共7页
Acta Horticulturae Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31171949)
国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903018-7)
关键词
番茄
大蒜
套作
基质
套播期
净收益
tomato
garlic
intercropping
substrate
intercroppingdate
net income
