摘要
目的了解南京市某社区居民对社区卫生服务的知晓、需求与利用情况，并探讨知晓与利用程度之间的关系及其影响因素。方法采用整群抽样的方法，选取南京市模范西路丁山社区15岁及以上的常住居民为调查对象。采用自制的调查问卷对其进行问卷调查。结果共发放调查问卷2302份，回收有效问卷2215份。社区居民的慢性病总的患病率为30．1％，其中以高血压患病率为最高（23．0％）。居民对社区卫生服务的总知晓率、总需求率和总利用率分别为78．3％、95．5％和43．3％，其中知晓率与需求率最高的服务项目均为疾病医疗。居民对社区卫生服务功能知晓越多，其利用程度越高（X^2趋势=119．58，P〈0．001；Spearman相关系数为0．27，P〈0．001）。影响社区卫生服务利用的因素主要有年龄、职业及文化程度等人口学因素、家庭规模及收入状况、疾病因素以及社区卫生服务可及性等。结论社区居民对社区卫生服务的总知晓率和总需求率较高，部分服务项目的知晓率及总利用率需进一步提高。应加强社区卫生服务宣传力度与政府投入，合理配置卫生资源，改善社区卫生服务的可及性，这将有利于社区卫生服务功能的发挥与完善，提高社区卫生服务的利用程度与服务质量。
Objective To know the awareness, demands and utilization of community health service （CHS） in residents of a certain community in Nanjing, and to explore the relationship between awareness and utilization, and its influential factors. Methods The cluster random sampling was taken to choose the residents 15 years old or above who had registered permanent residence from Dingshan Community of Mofan Xilu in Nanjing as the survey subjects. The survey was conducted among them by using self - designed questionnaire. Results A total of 2 215 recovered out of 2 302 questionnaires were eligible. The total morbidity of chronic diseases in the community residents was 30. 1%, of which that of hypertension was the highest （23.0%）. The total rates of awareness, demands and utilization of the residents were 78.3% , 95.5% and 43.3% respectively, of which the service item with the highest awareness and demand rates was medical care of diseases. And the more the awareness of the residents was the higher their utilization was （X2 = 119.58, P 〈 0.001 ; Spearman coefficient = 0. 27, P 〈 0. 001 ）. The major factors influencing utilization were age, occupation, education degree, family size and income status, diseases, and accessibility of CHS. Conclusion The total awareness and demand rates of the community residents are higher, however, they need to be further improved in parts of service items. The government should make further efforts to spread the information, increase finan- cial investment of CHS, allocate rationally the health resources, and improve the accessibility of CHS. This is favorable to improve the function of CHS, and thus increase its utilization and service quality.
出处
《中国全科医学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第4期446-449,共4页
Chinese General Practice
基金
南京市科技发展计划“人口卫生与健康”项目基金资助(201001108)
关键词
社区卫生服务
知晓
需求
利用
影响因素
Community health services
Awareness
Demand
Utilization
Influencing factors
