摘要
目的:探讨团体辅导方法对贫困大学生自尊水平、成就动机的改善效果,分析对不同自尊、成就动机水平贫困生的作用,探索提高其心理健康水平,促进自我成长的干预方案。方法:将以人为中心疗法、理性情绪疗法以及积极心理学为理论基础,设置成长性、结构化、封闭式的贫困生同质团体活动6次。使用自尊量表(SES)和成就动机量表(AMS)测量48名贫困大学生评分,采用辅导效果问卷(OQ)进行前后测。结果:辅导后,效果问卷总分及症状困扰、人际关系和社会角色评分均降低[如总分(90.0±24.2)vs.(96.7±20.0),均P<0.01];中等和高自尊及中等和高成就动机水平贫困生OQ总分均降低[如中等自尊(95.8±16.9)vs.(99.1±14.9),均P<0.05];高自尊水平和高成就动机贫困生OQ的症状困扰、人际关系和社会角色评分均降低[如高自尊的症状困扰(30.8±5.7)vs.(36.3±4.8),均P<0.05];中等成就动机贫困生在症状困扰、人际关系和社会角色评分均降低[如中等成就动机的症状困扰(48.9±13.0)vs.(51.7±10.8),均P<0.05];中等自尊水平的贫困生仅社会角色评分降低[(21.9±3.0)vs.(23.4±3.1),P<0.001]。结论:团体辅导能够改善和提高贫困生的心理健康状况,对于不同自尊、成就动机水平贫困生的辅导效果相同,高自尊、高成就动机水平贫困大学生受益最高,中等水平次之,低水平者受益不显著。
Objective： To explore the effect of group counseling on self-esteem and achievement motivation in impoverished college students, analyze the effects towards students with different self-esteem and achievement moti- vation, and probe the intervention program for promoting their mental health and self-development. Methods： Theo- retically based on person-centered therapy, rational - emotive therapy （RET） and positive psychology, a develop- mental, structured, closed and homogeneous group counseling were designed. Forty-eight impoverished college students participated in the group counseling for 6 times. They were assessed with the Self-Esteem Scale （SES） and Achievement Motive Scale （AMS）, Outcome Questionnaire （OQ） before and after the group counseling. Results： After the group counseling, the OQ total scores [（90.0 ±24. 2） vs. （96. 7 ±20. 0）] and subscores of symptom dis-tress, interpersonal relationships, and social role were significantly decreased （Ps 〈 0. 01）. The OQ total scores were significantly decreased in those with middle or high self-esteem and achievement motivation [ e. g., the total scores in those with middle self-esteem, （95.8 ± 16. 9） vs. （99. 1 ± 14. 9）, Ps 〈0. 05]. The OQ subscores of symptom dis- tress, interpersonal relationships, and social role were decreased in those with high self-esteem and high achievement motivation [ e. g., the subscores of symptom distress in those with high self-esteem, （ 30. 8 ±5.7） vs. （ 36. 3 ± 4. 8）, Ps 〈 0. 05]. The OQ subscores of symptom distress, interpersonal relationships, and social role were decreased in those with middle achievement motivation [e. g., the subscores of symptom distress, （48.9 ± 13.0） vs. （51.7± 10. 8）, Ps 〈 0. 05]. Among all the factors, only the scores of social role were decreased in those with middle self-es- teem [ （21.9 ± 3.0） vs. （23.4 ± 3. 1）, P 〈 0. 01 ]. The middle self-esteem group＇s score was only decreased on the dimension of social role
出处
《中国心理卫生杂志》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第2期138-144,共7页
Chinese Mental Health Journal
关键词
自尊
成就动机
贫困大学生
团体辅导
self-esteem
achievement motivation
impoverished college students
group counseling
