摘要
目的了解西安市学生肺结核的流行现状及特点,为制定学校结核病防治对策提供依据。方法对西安市2005-2011年结核病专报网确诊并登记的学生肺结核资料进行统计和分析。结果西安市学生活动性肺结核和涂阳肺结核年平均发病率分别为19.75/10万,5.18/10万。小学、中学和大学活动性肺结核的年平均发病率分别为1.28/10万,18.17/10万和41.92/10万。学生肺结核以涂阴患者为主(66.79%)。学生新发活动性肺结核占全市同期肺结核的11.25%。3,4月为学生肺结核的发病高峰。学生患者以因症就诊发现(38.48%)为主。学生肺结核的就诊延误率为41.15%。结论大学是学校肺结核防治的重点场所。应重视和加强学生病人中涂阴患者的管理与学生肺结核防治知识的健康教育,尤其要重视对中小学学生家长的宣教。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the pulmonary tuberculosis （ TB ） among students in Xi＇an, and to provide evidence for school-based TB preventive measurement. Methods Descriptive statistical method was applied to analyze the data of TB case registration and management from TB registration tables and TB management information system in Xi＇an from 2005 to 2011. Results The average incidence of the pulmonary TB and smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis among students was 19.75/100 000 and 5.18/100 000 respectively. The average incidence of the active pulmonary TB among prima- ry school, high school and college students was 1.28/100 000, 18.17/100 000 and 41.92/100 000 respectively. The patients among students were composed mainly of smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis{66.79% ）. The proportion of the pulmonary TB among students to all active cases in the same period was 11.25%. The high incidence of TB among students was in March or April of a year. The cases were mainly detected in clinical consultation （ 38.48% ）. Rates of treatment delays of pulmonary TB among students was 41. 15%. Conclusion College is the most important place for preventing and controlling pulmonary TB among students. Management of smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis among students should be noted. Health education should be strengthened on pulmonary TB among students,especially to parents of the primary school and high school students.
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2013年第2期193-195,198,共4页
Chinese Journal of School Health
基金
西安市科技计划项目[(SF1208(5)]
关键词
结核
肺
流行病学研究
学生
Tuberculosis, pulmonary
Epidemiologic studies
Students
