摘要
目的:对照研究4种常见精神活性物质所致精神障碍的临床特征。方法:应用自制吸毒人员一般资料调查表及阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)对258例精神活性物质所致精神障碍患者进行调查和评定。结果:在纳入的精神活性物质所致精神障碍患者中,使用的毒品包括海洛因、冰毒、K粉以及摇头丸,临床症状以幻觉、妄想、敌对性等阳性症状最为常见,部分病例伴有明显的阴性症状及情感障碍。4种精神活性物质所致精神障碍的临床特征有所不同,K粉所致精神障碍患者出现中度以上幻觉的比例达到83.05%,明显高于其他3组(P均<0.05);而海洛因所致精神障碍组各项阴性症状条目达中度以上的患者比例均明显高于其他3组(P均<0.05)。结论:不同种类的精神活性物质所致精神障碍的临床特征有所不同。
Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of mental disorders due to four psychoactive substances. Method:All the patients were assessed by questionnaire of general data about drug abuse and the positive and negative symptoms scale. Results:258 patients suffered from mental disorders due to psychoactive substances.These drugs included heroin,methamphetamine,ketamine and ecstasy.Hallucinations,delusions and hostility were most common symptoms.A part of the cases had obvious mood disorders and negative symptoms.The clinical characteristics of mental disorders due to these four psychoactive substances had some difference, 83.05% mental patients due to ketamine had hallucination,the percentage was much higher than the other 3 groups(all P<0.05).The percentage of negative symptoms in patients due to heroin was higher than the other 3 groups(all P<0.05). Conclusion:The clinical characteristics of mental disorders due to different psychoactive substance had some distinction.
出处
《临床精神医学杂志》
2013年第1期15-18,共4页
Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
基金
深圳市科技计划项目(201103226)
关键词
精神活性物质
毒品
精神障碍
psychoactive substances
drugs
mental disorders
