摘要
为探明泗礁沙滩碎波带仔稚鱼种类组成及其对碎波带的利用模式,于2010年7月至2011年8月每月大潮期间,在泗礁沙滩8个站位点水深0.5~1.5 m处,两人沿海岸平行方向步行拖曳小型拖网（1 m×4 m,网目1 mm）采集仔稚鱼样本。周年采集仔稚鱼1 762尾,隶属于28科46种,其中海洋性鱼类29种,河口性鱼类14种,洄游性鱼类2种,淡水性鱼类1种。体长10~30 mm的仔稚鱼占总渔获量的87.05%;后弯曲期仔鱼和稚鱼分别占总渔获量的24.57%和68.27%。鳀（Engraulis japonicus）为优势种,占总渔获量的55.68%。种类数及单位捕捞努力渔获量（CPUE）春夏季较高而秋冬较低,种类数和CPUE峰值分别出现在2010年8月和2011年5月。站点间的种类数和CPUE变化表明,仔稚鱼偏好栖息于封闭型沙滩碎波带。前10位主要种对碎波带的利用分3种类型：鳀、中国花鲈（Lateolabrax maculatus）、鮻（Liza haematocheila）和棘头梅童鱼（Collichthys lucidus）利用碎波带作为保育场;中华侧带小公鱼（Stolephorus chinensis）、鲻（Mugil cephalus）、细鳞鯻（Terapon jarbua）和弓斑东方鲀（Takifugu ocellatus）连续数月利用碎波带作为暂时栖息地;相模虾虎鱼（Sagamia geneionema）和鲬（Platycephalus indicus）则在单月进入碎波带栖息。因此在进行海滩和港湾开发和利用时,应重视对沙滩破碎带仔稚鱼栖息地的保护。
We investigated the species composition and utilization patterns of fish larvae and juveniles in the sandy beach surf zone at Si Jiao Island.Between July 2010 to August 2011,fish larvae and juveniles were collected monthly using a seine net（1×4 m,1 mm mesh-aperture）.A total of 1762 fish larvae and juveniles,representing 46 species from 29 families were collected from 8 sites along the island.These included 29 marine species,14 estuarine species,2 migration species,and 1 freshwater species.Compared with the surf zone of the south Yangtze estuary and north Hangzhou Bay,which were dominated by migratory and estuarine species,respectively,the sandy beach in Si Jiao island was dominated by marine species,which accounted for 71.68 of the total catch.The standard length of the majority（87.05%） of specimens ranged from 10-30 mm.Postflexion and juvenile individuals accounted for 24.57% and 68.27% of the total catch,respectively.In terms of abundance,Engraulis japonicus, Stolephorus chinensis,Mugil cephalus,Lateolabrax maculatus,Liza haematocheila,Sagamia geneionema, Terapon jarbua,Platycephalus indicus,Collichthys lucidus and Takifugu ocellatus were the 10 most dominant species.The CPUE of fish larvae and juveniles was higher in spring and summer and lower in autumn and winter. The CPUE peaked in May,at which time the majority of the catch（86.7%） consisted of Engraulis japonicus.The highest species richness was observed in August,2010.A Person Correlation analysis（2-tailed） revealed a high significant positive correlation between species richness and water temperature（P0.01） and a significant positive correlation between CPUE and salinity（P0.05）.The spatial variation in CPUE and species richness suggested that fish larvae and juveniles preferred inhabiting protected sandy beaches（St.2,St.5,St.7） rather than open sandy beaches（St.4,St.8）,likely due to the low wave action and calm environment.Stations 5 and 7 contributed the most to species richness and had the highest CPUE,respectively.Base
出处
《中国水产科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第1期166-176,共11页
Journal of Fishery Sciences of China
基金
上海市科学技术委员会重点攻关项目(0839190200)
上海市教育委员会重点学科建设项目(S30701)
关键词
沙滩
碎波带
仔稚鱼
种类组成
利用模式
sandy beach
surf zone
fish larvae and juveniles
species composition
use patterns
