摘要
马克思道德理论范式与现代西方道德理论范式根本不同,乃至对立,故以现代西方道德理论范式去探寻马克思道德理论是有失科学性与合理性的。现代西方建立在价值与事实二分之上的道德理论范式的失足之处在于遗忘了"实践"这一融合事实与价值的关键,从而将道德来源陷入迷思之中,由此导致了道德领域的"诸神混战",消解了道德合理性。而马克思基于历史唯物主义的立场,通过确立实践的基础或优先地位,将"事实"看做是"人的实践",从而将道德理论范式建立在消融了事实与价值二分鸿沟的实践之上,既科学地避免了"科学主义"与"主观主义"的偏颇,又明确地将道德来源奠定在"社会存在"之上,从而弥补和克服了西方道德理论范式的局限。从当代西方理论前沿动态看,一些敏锐的哲学家已经认识到建立在价值与事实二分基础之上的知识论与方法论的局限性,并逐渐展开了试图通过实践的引入来弥合事实与价值二分鸿沟的研究。由是观之,马克思道德理论范式比现代西方道德理论范式更具某种科学性、合理性与社会批判性。
There is a basic difference between Marx＇s moral theory paradigm and modern Western moral theory paradigm, so it is unscientific to explore Marx＇s moral theory paradigm with the latter. Western moral theory paradigm which starting from Hume is based on the dichotomy between fact and value, its fault is that it forgets ＂practice＂, the bridge to merging fact and value, which results in ＂scientism＂ and ＂subjectivism＂, two kinds of extreme bias that vulnerable to dispel moral rationality. Some keen philosophers of modern Western have correctly realized the limitation of the epistemology and methodology that based on the dichotomy between fact and value, and conducted the research that in order to bridge the gap between the fact and value. While Marx was standing on the position of historical materialism, taking ＂fact＂ as ＂human practice＂ by establishing the basal and prior position of practice, thus basing moral theory paradigm on the practice that bridged the dichotomy gap between the fact and value, and scientifically avoided the bias of ＂scientism＂ and ＂subjectivism＂ on the one hand, definitely rooted the Moral sources in the society on the other hand. So, to some extent, Marx＇s moral theory paradigm has more scientificity and social criticism than modern western moral theory paradigm.
出处
《学术月刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第2期54-61,共8页
Academic Monthly
基金
浙江省哲学社会科学规划"之江青年"课题"核和平利用的伦理审视--核伦理学研究的新视域"(11ZJQN079YB)
教育部人文社会科学研究专项任务项目二类课题"高校青年马克思主义队伍培养和建设研究"(11JD710077)的阶段性成果
