摘要
探讨了我国草原管理的主要理论和政策现状,将我国草原管理的主要观点分为4类:系统发展论、本土发展论、替代发展论和游牧发展论。系统发展论是以任继周为代表的4个生产层理论和系统耦合理论;本土发展论是以达林太为代表的草原制度性退化和农耕对牧区的入侵理论;替代发展论是以张新时的人工草地理论、许鹏的生态置换理论和蒋高明"以自然之力恢复自然"理论为代表。游牧发展论是以刘书润为代表的传统游牧发展理论。分析了当前的草原畜牧业管理现状与基于草原畜牧业理论的发展关系与源流,以及当前草原畜牧业管理面对的问题。认为目前的牧区政策是以城市发展和工业化发展为导向,农区政策和农区生产方式入侵牧区的集合体,而非牧区发展本身导向的政策,如果要想使草原回归本源的发展方向,必须充分适应草原的发展规律和生产方式,作出引导性政策,实现草原共管。提出了未来草原畜牧业发展的10条建议。
The paper discussed four types pastoralism theories, including systematic development theory （Mr. Ren Jizhou as representatives of four production levels and system coupling theory）, native development theory（Mr. Da Lintai as representatives of grassland institutional degradation and crop farming invasion） , sub- stitute development theory（Mr. Zhang Xinshi,Mr. Xu Peng and Mr. Jiang Gaoming as representatives of so- wing pasture replacement theory, ecological replacement of grassland and natural restoration, respectively） and nomadic development theory（Mr. Liu Shurong as representatives of traditional nomadism） based on the current status of grassland management in China. The paper also analyzed the releation between the current grassland management and the pastoralism theories,as well as the issues existed in pastoralism development, we consid- ered that the current grassland restoration strategies made by the government were usually oriented from the city development and industry development,as well as from crop farming. The pastoralism development must a- dapt to the law of grassland production and the approach of co-management will be a bright road for the grass- land management. Finally,ten suggestions were proposed in this paper based on the analysis.
出处
《草原与草坪》
CAS
2012年第6期67-73,共7页
Grassland and Turf
基金
中国博士后科学基金项目(20100480367)
草畜业数字化管理与优化决策技术研究(2007AA10Z230)
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项及公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903060)资助
关键词
草原管理
草原畜牧业
草原恢复
对策
grassland management theory
pastoralism
grassland restoration
policy
