摘要
在以往研究和实地调查的基础上,从栖息地、食物和人为干扰三个角度选择了与朱鹮栖息地质量密切相关的12个主要环境因子作为评价指标,分别是营巣树种、营巢树高度、夜栖树种、夜栖树高度、水田面积、湿地面积、海拔高度、食物丰富度、湿地水质、旅游活动、农药使用和生产活动。应用层次分析法(AHP)对12个影响因子进行两两比较并赋予权重和分值以建立朱鹮栖息地质量评估体系,根据各个评价指标的得分总和将栖息地分为最适宜、适宜、基本适宜、不适宜和极不适宜五个等级。以朱鹮新扩散区内的城固孙坪和再引入区的宁陕寨沟野化放飞区为实例,应用这个评价体系对两处栖息地质量进行了评价。结果显示:孙坪是朱鹮的适宜栖息地,但农药使用和生产活动对朱鹮的生存是潜在威胁;寨沟朱鹮野化放飞区适宜朱鹮生存,但是所面临的问题是觅食地的单一和越冬期食物的缺乏。
The crested ibis （Nipponia nippon） is a globally endangered bird distributed on southern slopes of the Qinling Mountains. There were only seven individuals remaining when the species was rediscovered in 1981. Wild and artificial breeding has increased the number of ibis to more than 1,600. The species has also started to disperse to neighboring areas. In this paper, habitat suitability of crested Ibis was evaluated using analytical hierarchy process method across its previous range and new dispersal zone. Field surveys were carried out in Yangxian, Chengggu, Xixiang, Foping, Nanzheng and two other reintroduction areas, Ningshaan and Shiquan. Twelve items were chosen to establish an index system for habitat suitability assessment including habitat, food and human disturbance. The habitat includes nesting sites, night-perching sites, foraging sites, wintering sites and wandering areas. The habitat system included seven items： tree species for nesting （Pinus massoniana, Pinus tabuliformis, Quercus variabilis）, nesting tree height （average height above 15m）, tree species for night-perching （Pinus massoniana, Quercus acutissima, Quercus aliena）, night-perching tree height （above 15m）, area of paddy field （both summer and winter paddy field, usually larger than 3 hm2/km2）, wetland area （usually larger than 3 hm2/km2） and elevation （200-1400m）. The food system included two items： food abundance （total food biomass larger than 6g/m2） and wetland water quality （national water quality standards）. The human disturbance system included three items： pesticide use （normally one or two times）, tourism and human activities （mainly mining development, fishing）. We applied this system to assess new sites for crested ibis, and found that Sunping of Chenggu county are suitable for crested ibis; however, pesticide use and fishing may be potential threats to the species. The Zhaigou reintroduction area of Ningshaan is also suitable （the total score is 75.7）, but food shortage m
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第1期50-58,共9页
Resources Science
基金
陕西省科学院重大项目(编号:2009K-05)
中央高校科研经费项目(编号:GK2061001)
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(编号:2010JQ3003)
