摘要
以商品有机肥、油菜饼肥和秸秆堆肥三种不同种类有机肥为供试材料,采用土壤呼吸瓶装置进行实验室培养以模拟土壤施肥效应,测定三种肥料的有机碳分解动态变化量及其对土壤有机碳矿化的影响。结果表明,培养条件下三种有机肥的分解特性差异极大,油菜饼肥与秸秆堆肥在培养前25d分解速率呈现快速升高后又快速下降的变化规律,其中C/N最低的油菜饼肥更加明显,而C/N最高的商品有机肥分解速率很低;三种有机肥料处理下的土壤有机碳累积矿化量存在极显著性差异(P<0.01),大小顺序依次为油菜饼肥处理>秸秆堆肥处理>商品有机肥处理;培养结果运用农田土壤有机碳动态模拟模型,获得商品有机肥、油菜饼肥和秸秆堆肥的易分解比F分别为0.22、0.57和0.47及其一级动力学常数K1=0.019、K2=0.97×10-3、Ks=0.80×10-3(d-1);比对实验测定数据与模型模拟数据表明,当商品有机肥与含氮量最高的油菜饼肥混合比例为2:1时,就能极显著提高商品有机肥的分解率(P<0.01);而秸秆堆肥与油菜饼肥1:1混合时,亦能极显著提高秸秆堆肥的分解率(P<0.01)。
Dynamics of organic carbon in commercial organic fertilizer,rapeseed cake fertilizer,and straw compost under simulated culture conditions were studied in soil respiration bottles and their effects on soil organic carbon mineralization were determined.It was found that the decomposition of three organic fertilizers showed different characteristics at culture conditions.The decomposition rate of rapeseed cake fertilizer and straw compost underwent a rapid increasing stage which was followed by a quick declining during 25 days after they were mixed with soil.Such a trend was more significant in rapeseed cake fertilizer with lower C/N ratio.Nevertheless,the decomposition rate of commercial organic fertilizer which has higher C/N ratio than the others was slower.Total amount of mineralized organic carbon in soil with different fertilizer treatment followed the sequence of rapeseed cake fertilizer straw compost commercial organic fertilizer,with statistical significance of P0.01.The data were fitted with the Soil-C model.It was determined that the fractions of readily decomposed components in commercial organic fertilizer,rapeseed cake fertilizer,and straw compost were 0.22,0.57,and 0.47,respectively.The first order kinetic constants K1,K2,Ks were determined to be 0.019,0.97×10-3,and 0.80×10-3（d-1）,respectively.The decomposition ratio increased with the increased nitrogen content and the rapeseed cake fertilizer with highest nitrogen content among three fertilizers had the highest decomposition ratio.The comparison between experimental data and model simulation revealed that mixing commercial organic fertilizer with rapeseed cake fertilizer at ratio of 2：1 significantly enhanced its decomposition（P0.01）.Similar enhancement was also observed when straw compost was mixed with rapeseed cake fertilizer at ratio of 1：1（P0.01）.
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第1期36-42,共7页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
江苏省科技支撑计划(BE2009313-2)
江苏省农业科技自主创新资金(CX(11)3042)
关键词
有机肥料
土壤有机碳矿化
有机种植
模型模拟
organic fertilizer
soil organic carbon mineralization
organic farming
modeling
