摘要
目的:比较陕西省公立医院和零售药店基本药物的价格及可获得性状况,为国家基本药物制度的顺利推行提供实证支持和对策建议。方法:采用世界卫生组织(WHO)和世界健康行动组织(HAI)共同制定的WHO/HAI调研手册,利用其中的标准化调研方法对120家公立医院和120家零售药店的38种基本药物进行调研。结果与结论:公立医院和零售药店的基本药物可获得性存在差异,原研药的零售价远远超过国际参考价,最低价格仿制药的零售价相对合理,公立医院和零售药店基本药物的可负担性情况基本一致。零售药店的平均可获得性均高于公立医院;零售药店和公立医院基本药物的可获得性高低分布基本一致;无论在公立医院还是在零售药店,原研药的零售价均较高,最低价格仿制药的零售价相对合理;公立医院原研药的中位价格比(MPR)值高于零售药店,最低价格仿制药的中位MPR值低于零售药店;无论在公立医院还是在零售药店,原研药的可负担性均较差,最低价格仿制药的可负担性均良好。结论:加强国家基本药物制度的宣传力度,制定合理的基本药物补贴、采购机制和价格,加强政府监管,是实现国家基本药物制度健康、顺利推进的必要措施。
OBJECTIVE：To compare the price and availability of essential drugs in public hospital and retail pharmacy of Shaanxi province,and to provide support and suggestions for the implementation of national essential drugs.METHODS：38 kinds of essential drugs in 120 public hospitals and 120 retail drugstores were investigated by standardized methodology of WHO/HAI handbook developed by WHO and HAI.RESULTS：The availability of essential drugs in public hospital and retail pharmacy was different.The retail price of originator brand（OB）was far higher than that of international reference price.The retail price of the lowest priced generic（LPG）was rational relatively.The affordability of essential drugs in public hospital and retail pharmacy was almost the same.The average availability of medicines in retail pharmacy was higher than in public hospital.The distribution of the medicine availability in public hospital and retail pharmacy was almost the same.The retail price of OB was rather high,but the retail price of the LPG was rational relatively both in public hospital and retail pharmacy.The median MPR of OB in public hospital was higher than in retail pharmacy,but the median MPR of LPG in public hospital was lower than in retail pharmacy.Whatever in public hospital or in retail pharmacy,the OB was unaffordable and the LPG was affordable.CONCLUSION：It is necessary for the health and smooth implementation of national essential drugs to strengthen the spreading of national essential drugs,establish reasonable subsidy and purchase mechanism of essential drugs and price,and enhance government surpervision.
出处
《中国药房》
CAS
CSCD
2013年第4期308-313,共6页
China Pharmacy
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.71103141/G0308)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(No.2011jd-hz62)
陕西省社会科学基金资助项目(No.10E066)
关键词
公立医院
零售药店
价格
可获得性
可支付性
Public hospital
Retail pharmacy
Price
Availability
Affordability
