摘要
目的研究放射性^125I粒子植入术后密切接触者受照射的有效剂量及警戒时间，科学指导各人群减少辐射损伤。方法术后24h内，采用袖珍辐射仪，监测20例患者距植入部位垂直距离30和100cm处（模拟密切接触者）的剂量率，根据公式计算相应人群在不同距离受照射的有效剂量及警戒时间。结果术后患者植入部位垂直距离30和100cm处，受照剂量率均随时间延长而衰减（30cm：t=6．236、6．236、6．235，P〈0．05；100cm：t=7．310、7．315、7．314，P〈0．05），且同一时间点30em处均大于100Cm处（t=5．962、5．961、5．961、5．962，P〈0．05），具有时间一距离效应；同一人群（用相同距离数据模拟），其有效剂量随时问而减少；与术后患者接触时，同住成年人、同住未成年人及孕妇、同事、同床成年人的警戒时间为：0、54、78和109d。结论在各自警戒时间之后，各人群与术后患者接触可以保证自身安全；警戒时间内，则需采取相应保护措施。
Objective To study the effective dose and precaution time of the irradiation of the close contact from the radiators who underwent implantation of radioactive 125I seeds so as to guide scientifically people how to avoid radiation damage. Methods Twenty patients with different types of cancer underwent implantation of radioactive 125I seeds with the median value of implantation depth of 2.16 cm. Within 24hs after the operations the dose rates 30 cm and 100 cm from the skin were measured with pocket-size radiometer so as to imitate the situations of the close contacts. The effective doses and precaution times of different persons were calculated according to relevant formula. Results The dose rate a person received at the same time points （1, 54, 78, and 109 d, respectively） decreased along with the increase of the distance from the skin（t = 5. 962,5. 961,5. 961,5. 962, P 〈 0. 05）. and the dose rate a person received at the same distance from the skin decreased along with the extension of time （30 cm ： t = 6. 236,6. 236,6. 235, P 〈 0.05 ; 100 cm ： t = 7. 310,7.315,7.314, P 〈 0. 05 ）. At different time points, the dose rates at 30 cm distance point were all significant higher than those at the 100 cm point （P 〈 0.05）. The adult living together, minors and pregnant women sharing the room, colleagues, adults who slept together with the patients began to reach the 50% dose constraint values 0, 54, 78 and 109 days after the operation. Conclusions After their precaution time, it＇s safe to contact with the patients for the groups;otherwise,it＇s necessary to take some protect works within the precaution time.
出处
《中华放射医学与防护杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第6期626-628,共3页
Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection
