摘要
二战后至80年代中期美国女性就业发生了很大变化,比如:就业率不断提高、粉领职业兴起、女性职业向上流动的可能性加强、女性的工作时间呈现多样性、已婚女性占就业女性群体的比例不断增高。女性就业发生变化的原因是多方面的,包括家庭经济的需要、女性自我价值实现的需求、经济结构的变化、社会对女性就业态度的改变、女性教育水平的提高、家庭结构的变化、女权运动为女性权利的争取以及联邦政府颁布的立法支持等,可以看出二战后的女性就业发展已经成为美国女性社会地位和家庭地位提高的助推器。
There have been many changes in American women＇s employment characteristics between the end of WWII and mid-1980s,such as the gradual increase of employment rate,the development of pink-collar,the realization of promotion and expansion of their professions,the varieties of working hours,and the increasing percentage of married women among employing women.The causes of the new trend of American women＇s employment are multi-dimensional,including family economic demand,the social requirement of the realization of women＇s self-value,the changes of economy＇s structure,the improvement of social attitude towards women＇s employment,the opportunities for women to get more education,the varieties of family patterns,the access of women＇s rights due to feminist movements and the support from the federal government＇s laws,etc.In brief,the development of women＇s employment after WWII has been the stimuli for the improvement of American women＇s status in the society and in their families.
出处
《外国问题研究》
2012年第4期82-87,共6页
FOREIGN HISTORY STUDIES
关键词
美国女性
就业
特点
原因
American women
employment
characteristics
causes
