摘要
针对某型液压挖掘机噪声大的现状,对其柴油机进行了噪声源的识别。由于工程机械噪声源十分复杂,单一的噪声源识别一般不能准确预测噪声源,因此本文采用将层次分析法(AHP)和模态分析相结合的噪声采集和识别方法。首先采用噪声测试仪获取挖掘机各转速下表面辐射噪声信号,综合考虑发动机各转速下对噪声的影响,依据测试结果运用AHP法找出对柴油机辐射噪声贡献度大的频率段;然后对柴油机主体组合结构进行了模态分析,找出与对柴油机表面辐射噪声贡献度大的频率段对应的模态振型;最后通过这些振型图确定出油底壳、汽缸盖罩和进气管道是主要的噪声源,采取降噪措施后柴油机噪声减小了1.5 dB左右。结果表明,本噪声源识别方法简单准确,可广泛应用于工程机械复杂声源的识别当中。
In view of the big noise caused by hydraulic excavator, the main noise sources of its pow- er system are identified. The noise source of engineering machinery is very complex and the result of noise identification would be distorted by a single way of test. This paper adapted a strategy of com- bining analytic hierarchy process （AHP） and modal analysis to identify noise sources. Firstly, radi- ated noise signals under different engine speeds are obtained by noise test instrument. Secondly, ac- cording to the test result, frequency ranges which make big contribution to the noise are found with AHP. Then, modal analysis of engine main structure is done. Finally, by identifying the vibration modes, it is found that oil pan, cylinder cover and air duct are the main noise sources. After adap- ting certain measures of noise reduction, the noise of the diesel engine is decreased by 1.5 dB. The result demonstrated that the approach of identifying noise sources adapted in this paper is simple and accurate, and it can be widely used to identify the complex noise of engineer machinery.
出处
《广西大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第6期1104-1109,共6页
Journal of Guangxi University（Natural Science Edition）
基金
国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2009AA045103)
关键词
液压挖掘机
柴油机
噪声源
层次分析
模态分析
hydraulic excavator
diesel engine
noise source
analytic hierarchy process （AHP）
modal analysis
