摘要
目的掌握昆山市工业企业生产使用有毒化学品的种类、数量、分布及员工接触情况,控制化学危害,提高化学中毒应急能力。方法自行制定调查表,下发企业填写并结合现场调查,对昆山市421家企业使用化学品状况进行分析。结果 421家企业化学品年使用量为379 049.376 t,其中剧毒化学品为331 500.876 t,高毒化学品为5 094.5 t,一般化学品为42 454 t。使用剧毒化学品的企业有116家,接触人员873人;使用高毒类的企业有82家,接触人员3 351人;使用一般类的企业有317家,接触人员21 422人。使用剧毒化学品的企业采取的有效防护措施和管理措施比例最高,使用一般化学品的企业具备有效防护措施和管理措施的比例较低。结论昆山市工业企业使用化学品的种类多,数量大,接触人员多,危害严重,应积极采取相应的预防对策与措施控制急慢性化学中毒事件的发生。
[ Objective] To identify the category, quantity and distribution of toxic chemicals which used by industrial enterprise in Kunshan City, to control chemical hazards and improve capability of chemical poisoning emergency response. [ Methods] Self-de- signed questionnaire combined with field investigation were adopted to analyze the chemical use status in 421 enterprises of Kunshan City. [ Results ] In 421 enterprises, 379 049 376 tons of chemicals were used annually, including 331 500 876 tons of severely tox- ic chemicals, 5 094. 5 tons of highly toxic chemicals and 42 454 tons of general chemicals. The number of enterprise using severely toxic chemicals was 116, with 873 exposed workers; 82 enterprises used highly toxic chemicals, with 3 351 exposed workers; 317 used general chemicals, with 21 422 exposed workers. Effective protection measures and management measures adopted proportion was high in enterprises with severely toxic chemicals, while that for enterprises with general chemicals was low. [ Conclusion ] Chemical use is characterized by various types, large quantities, a large number of exposed workers, serious harm in industrial en- terprises of Kunshan City. It is necessary to adopt appropriate prevention strategies and measures to control acute and chronic chem- ical poisoning.
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2012年第24期3061-3064,共4页
Occupation and Health
基金
昆山市科技局项目(项目编号:KS1024)
关键词
工业企业
化学品
调查
Industrial enterprises
Chemicals
Survey
