摘要
以2011年台风"纳沙"(编号:201117)为例,调查文昌市沿海防护林及各行业的台风受灾情况,并针对性地提出若干对策与建议。结果表明:1)台风灾害存在明显的空间分布规律,受灾重镇集中于东部沿海一线及北部台风路径方向上,比例分别为73.1%和30.8%,重兴、文城二镇尤为严重,直接经济损失共计33338.57万元,比例高达53.3%。2)不同树种受灾程度差异明显,木麻黄和桉树受灾最重,受灾面积分别为1875 hm2和673 hm2,分别占44.1%和15.8%。木麻黄因大量使用水培苗,受灾主要表现为倒伏、掘根;而桉树多表现为折干。椰子灾情最轻,基本无受害。3)混交林的受灾程度显著低于纯林,尤其椰子与木麻黄混交,抗风性能最好,受灾比例均在5%以下,且受害多表现为折枝,弯干等轻度类型。4)地形条件等非生物因子是影响林木受灾的重要因素。处于低洼地势的林木(尤其是1～2年生苗木)更容易遭水淹而致灾。5)农林复合经营是当地特色的经营模式,有利于综合效益的发挥,值得深入研究与大力推广。
Taking the typhoon Neast in 2011 as a case, this paper investigated its damage to the coastal protective forests in Wenchang, analyzed the related affecting factors and proposed some solutions. The towns which severely damaged were concentrated in the coastal line and the direction of the typhoon path, accounting for 73.1% and 30.8% of the total, respectively. Direct economic losses of ChongXing and WenCheng, which were most severe damaged, amounting 0.33 billion RMB, with a percentage of 53.3%. The damaged degree had an obvious difference among the tree species. Casuarina and Eucalyptus received most severe damage, accounting for 73.1% and 30.8% of the total damage area. uprooting occurred mostly on the Casuarina and Stem breakage occurred mostly on the Eucalyptus. Coconut had almost no victims, mixed forests were less severely damaged than pure forests. Bending and decapitation occurred almost evenly on the forests that had strong ability of anti-wind and below a damaged percentage of 5%, were mixed with Coconut and Casuarina. Abiotic factors such as topographical condition were another important factors related to typhoon damage. The trees at bottom land were prone to more serious hazards, especially 1 to 2 years old seedlings. Economy integrated with agriculture and forestry can play a comprehensive benefits and worthy of further research and promotion.
出处
《华东森林经理》
2012年第4期42-49,共8页
East China Forest Management
关键词
沿海防护林
台风灾害
文昌市
coastal protective forest
typhoon damage
Wenchang
