摘要
目的探讨男性青少年暴力犯罪与认知执行功能的关系。方法将新人少教所的男性服教人员分为暴力犯罪组（107例）和非暴力犯罪组（107例），另以107名职业学校男生作为对照组，采用韦氏成人智力测验简易版、剑桥神经心理自动化成套测试（CANTAB）中的内外空间成套变换（IED）、剑桥袜（SOC）和空间工作记忆（SWM）对3组受试者进行测试，并比较有无异同。结果（1）暴力组与非暴力组的智商[（98．3±5．1）、（98．3±4．3）分]显著低于对照组[（103．8±5．5）分．P均〈0．05]，但暴力组与非暴力组的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。（2）3组除外维转换期错误数外，其他执行功能测验指标差异均有统计学意义（F=3．05～9．74，P〈0．05～0．01）。LSD法多重比较显示，暴力组在IED中的错误总数[（31．4±13．1）次]多于非暴力组[（27．9±12．5）次]和对照组[（26．4±12．2）次]，阶段完成数少于非暴力组和对照组（P均〈0．05），但非暴力组与对照组比较差异均无统计学意义（P均〉0．05）。在SOC中，暴力组在完成任务的最少步数、3步和5步的平均步数[（7．5±2．1）、（3．7±0．9）、（7．5±1．7）步]明显多于对照组[（6．6±2．1）、（3．4±0．6）、（7．1±1．4）步，P均〈0．05]；暴力组和非暴力组在4步和5步的起始思考时间短于对照组（P均〈0．05），但暴力组与非暴力组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。在SWM中，暴力组在组间搜索错误数多于非暴力组，策略分高于对照组（P均〈0．05）。（3）控制智商后，3组在SOC中完成任务的最少步数和在5步中的平均步数差异无统计学意义（F=2．83，0．64，P均〉0．05），而其他执行功能指标未显示有统计学意义的改变。结论无论控制智商与否．男性暴力犯罪青少年均可能存在执行功能的缺陷。
Objective To explore the relationship between executive function and violent crime among male juveniles. Methods The subjects were 107 juvenile offenders with violent crime, 107 offenders with nonviolent crime, and 107 male juveniles in vocational school as normal controls. All the participants were administered to the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Short Form （WAIS-SF）, Intra/Extra Dimensional Set Shift （ IED）, Stockings of Cambridge （ SOC ） and Spatial Working Memory （SWM） in the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery （CANTAB） and conducted analysis of variance and covariance. Results （ 1 ） There was no significant difference in IQ between violent group （98.3 ± 5. l ） and nonviolent group （ 103.8 ± 5.5, P 〉 0. 05 ） , However, both violent and nonviolent groups were significantly lower than normal control group （98.3 ± 4. 3, all P 〈 0. 05 ）. （2） With the exception of the ED en＇ors, Three groups demonstrated significant differences in other cognitive indicators （ F = 3.05 - 9.74, P 〈 0. 05 - 0. 01 ）. Multiple comparison indicated that violent group exhibited significantly more total and pre-ED errors than nonviolent group and normal control group （ all P 〈 0. 05 ） , and fewer Number of Stages Completed than nonviolent group and normal control group （ all P 〈 0. 05 ）. But there was no significant difference between nonviolent group and normal controls on the IED test （ all P 〉 0. 05 ）. A significant group difference at mean moves （3, 5-move） that reflected more moves were taken by the violent group than the normal control group （ all P 〈 0. 05 ） , and no differences between the nonviolent group and the nominal control group （ all P 〉 0. 05 ）. There was no significant difference in mean initial thinking time （4-move） and mean initial thinking time（5-move） between violent group and nonviolent group（ all P 〉 0. 05 ）. However, both violent and nonviolent groups were significantly shorter in comparison
出处
《中华精神科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第6期335-339,共5页
Chinese Journal of Psychiatry
关键词
青少年
暴力
剑桥神经心理自动化成套测试
执行功能
Adolescent
Violence
Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery
Executive function
