摘要
为了避免传统潮汐能开发过程中在河口或海湾筑坝形成水库进而严重影响通航、鱼类产卵洄游和生态环境,考虑了一种垂直于海岸的"T"型坝,使平行于海岸向潮波传播到坝体两侧的潮位存在相位差,进而产生作用于坝上的水头。本文研究了该型坝坝体两侧的水动力特性,探索坝体和引水洞几何参数对作用于坝上水头的影响规律。该研究基于二维潮流模型,模拟了渤海及黄海北部海域潮流场,考虑在大连附近设置T型坝,计算和分析了坝头和坝干长度对作用于坝上最大水头的影响规律,固定坝干(或坝头)长度,作用在坝上的水头在一定范围内随坝头(或坝干)增长而线性增大。研究了在坝干上设置引水洞的T型坝的潮汐水动力特性。研究结果表明:随着引水洞尺寸的增大,作用在坝上水头不断减小,而最大发电功率先增大后减小,存在一个发电峰值。
A T-type dam perpendicular to coastline makes the tidal waves propagating along the coastline produce a phase shift in water level on its either side,causing certain water heads acting on it.This structure,when extracting tidal energy,obviously avoids formation of a basin by a traditional dam or barrage across an estuary or bay mouth,so as to reduce the basin-related negative effects on water transportation,migratory fish spawning and water environments.This paper studies the hydrodynamic features of the tides on both sides of the dam and examines the effects of the dam body and the headrace′s geometries on the acting head of these tide waves.To understand the effects of T-bar and T-stem lengths on the acting head,this study adopts a two-dimensional model to simulate the tide flow fields in the Bohai Sea and the north Yellow Sea,with a T-type dam located near Dalian.For a dam with a T-stem（or T-bar） of fixed size,the simulation reveals linear variation of the acting head with the T-bar（or T-stem） length.To improve the design,we put forward a T-dam with a large hole or a headrace inside its T-stem.Analysis of this new design′s hydrodynamic features shows that with the hole size increasing,the peak head over the dam decreases gradually,while the peak power output increases first and then decreases.Thus,a peak value of the greatest power output appears as the hole size varies.
出处
《水力发电学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第6期172-178,共7页
Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(51079072
51279088)
清华大学自主课题计划(20101081791)
863计划(2012AA52602)
关键词
计算水动力学
T型坝
潮汐能
二维潮流模型
相位差
相差潮汐能
computational fluid dynamics
T-shape dam
tidal energy
two-dimensional tidal flow model
phase shift
tidal energy due to phase shift in water level
