摘要
我国2000—2009年八大区域间的虚拟水流量关系计算结果表明:10年间我国通过粮食贸易产生的虚拟水流向主要是从北方流向南方地区;在八大区域中,东北、黄淮海、长江中下游地区为我国虚拟水净调出区,其他五大区域为虚拟水净调入区,其中华南和东南为主要的净流入区。我国区际间虚拟水流动格局形成的原因,除受水资源影响外,还受到耕地资源、生态需要、经济因素、人口、政策因素的限制。我国粮食对外贸易中虚拟水流动格局主要受大豆影响,大米、小麦、玉米虚拟水含量仍以出口为主。基于虚拟水流动格局构建的区际间农业生态补偿横向转移支付模型,为解决农业生态补偿中补偿主客体不明确及补偿标准模糊问题提供了新思路。水资源承载力不会影响虚拟水流动格局,但却是虚拟水流动格局合理与否的参照。
The calculated results of the relationship among the flow quantities of virtual water in eight regions in China from 2000 to 2009 show that the virtual water induced by food trade during the past ten years mainly flows from the north to the south.Among the eight regions,the net output areas of virtual water include Northeast China,the area of Huanghe River-Huaihe River-Haihe River and the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River,the other five areas are the net input ones,among which the South China and Southeast China are the main net input areas.The causes for the flow pattern of interregional virtual water are arable land resources,ecological needs,economic factors,population and policies besides water resources.The flow pattern of virtual water in China's foreign trade of grain is mainly affected by the soybean,and the virtual water content of the rice,wheat and corn is still export-oriented.A horizontal transfer payment model for the interregional agro-ecological compensation is established based on the flow pattern of virtual water.It may provide a new idea to solve the problems of unclear compensation for the main object and fuzzy standards in the agro-ecological compensation.The bearing capacity of water resources will not affect the flow pattern of virtual water,but it is a reference whether the flow pattern of virtual water is reasonable or not.
出处
《水利经济》
2012年第6期1-6,69,共6页
Journal of Economics of Water Resources
基金
国家社会科学基金资助项目(11BJY063)
教育部人文社会科学规划基金资助项目(10YTA790163)
关键词
虚拟水
流动格局
农业生态补偿
虚拟水战略
水资源承载力
virtual water
flow pattern
agro-ecological compensation
virtual water strategy
water resources bearing capacity
